## Abstract Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extrapyramidal signs, prominent autonomic failure, and a poor prognosis. In the absence of restorative treatment, management is aimed at improving quality of life. Little is known about modifiable
โฆ LIBER โฆ
Multiple-system atrophy presenting with low rectal compliance and bowel pain
โ Scribed by Ryuji Sakakibara; Masahiko Kishi; Emina Ogawa; Osamu Takahashi; Megumi Sugiyama; Tomoyuki Uchiyama; Tatsuya Yamamoto; Tomonori Yamanishi
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 663 KB
- Volume
- 25
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0885-3185
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## Abstract Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is characterized clinically by Parkinsonism, cerebellar dysfunction, and autonomic impairment. Multiple mutations in the __LRRK2__ gene are associated with parkinsonian disorders, and the most common one, the G2019S mutation, has been found in โผ1% of sporad