Multilingualism in the Graeco-Roman Worlds

✍ Scribed by edited by Alex Mullen and Patrick James

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Year: 2012
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 409
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Through words and images employed both by individuals and by a range of communities across the Graeco-Roman worlds, this book explores the complexity of multilingual representations of identity. Starting with the advent of literacy in the Mediterranean, it encompasses not just the Greek and Roman empires but also the transformation of the Graeco-Roman world under Islam and within the medieval mind. By treating a range of materials, contexts, languages, and temporal and political boundaries, the contributors consider points of cross-cultural similarity and difference and the changing linguistic landscape of East and West from antiquity into the medieval period. Insights from contemporary multilingualism theory and interdisciplinary perspectives are employed throughout to exploit the material fully.

✦ Table of Contents

Multilingualism in the Graeco-Roman Worlds......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Figures......Page 9
Tables......Page 13
Notes on contributors......Page 14
Preface and acknowledgements......Page 15
Abbreviations......Page 17
1 THE ALLURE OF REGINA......Page 21
2 CROSSING BOUNDARIES......Page 25
3 FASHIONABLE BUT NOT PRACTICABLE?......Page 31
4 INTERMINABLE TERMINOLOGIES: INDIVIDUAL BILINGUALISM......Page 35
5 INTERPRETING BILINGUAL PHENOMENA......Page 41
6 SOCIETAL BILINGUALISM......Page 43
7 MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO MULTILINGUALISM......Page 49
1 STABLE AND UNSTABLE MULTILINGUALISM IN THE ANCIENT WORLD......Page 56
2 STABLE AND UNSTABLE BILINGUALISM IN ITALY......Page 58
3 STABLE AND UNSTABLE BILINGUALISM IN GAUL......Page 62
4 VERNACULAR LANGUAGES IN THE EASTERN EMPIRE: ANATOLIA......Page 65
5 VERNACULAR LANGUAGES IN THE EASTERN EMPIRE: STABLE BILINGUALISM IN SYRIA AND EGYPT......Page 67
6 DOMAINS OF LANGUAGE USE IN EGYPT......Page 70
7 A SOCIOLINGUISTIC MODEL FOR THE ROMAN EMPIRE?......Page 72
8 CONCLUSION......Page 77
CHAPTER 3 Why did Coptic fail where Aramaic succeeded?......Page 78
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 97
2 LANGUAGES AND SCRIPTS OF THE PENINSULA......Page 99
3.1 Bilingual inscriptions......Page 103
3.2 Texts displaying bilingual phenomena......Page 105
3.3 Loanwords......Page 107
4 INDIRECT EVIDENCE......Page 110
4.2 Epigraphic influence from Greek......Page 111
4.3 Epigraphic influence from Latin......Page 113
5 PERSONAL NAMES......Page 116
6 IBERIAN IN THE EBRO VALLEY......Page 118
7 FURTHER PROSPECTS......Page 124
1 PETOSIRIS’ DRAFT-MEMORANDUM......Page 126
2 APPROACHING THE PROBLEM OF EGYPTIAN INTERFERENCE......Page 129
3 ASSEMBLING LIKELY SUSPECTS......Page 132
4 INTERPRETING THE DATA-SAMPLE......Page 135
5 PROVISIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON EGYPTIAN GREEK TEXTS......Page 137
6 CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 142
1 THE FORMS OF RITUAL LANGUAGE......Page 144
2 SACRED LANGUAGES AND RITUAL CODE-SWITCHING......Page 147
2.1 Ritual uses of Greek......Page 148
3 RITUAL TAG-SWITCHING......Page 151
4 OPAQUENESS OF MEANING......Page 153
4.1 Opaqueness of meaning and Hebrew......Page 154
4.2 Opaqueness of meaning and Irish......Page 156
5 VOCES MAGICAE......Page 157
6 CONCLUSION......Page 159
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 161
2 TRANSLATION AND BILINGUALISM......Page 162
3 TYPOLOGIES OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES: GENERAL STRATEGIES......Page 163
4 -LATIN’ ELTICIS, CATELTICIS, ALIOTICIS......Page 166
5 BILINGUALISM AND CODE-SWITCHING VS BORROWING VS INTERFERENCE......Page 170
6 FURTHER DISCUSSION OF -CODE-SWITCHING’ AND -BORROWING’......Page 177
7 TERMINOLOGICAL STATUS AND INTEGRATION OF LOANTERMS......Page 180
8 NEW TYPES IN THE LATIN ALEXANDER......Page 183
9 NON-GREEK USE OF GREEK WORDS......Page 184
10 CONCLUSION......Page 188
INTRODUCTION......Page 192
2 EVIDENCE PREVIOUSLY DISCUSSED......Page 194
3 GREEK IN IRISH ETYMOLOGICAL TRACTS......Page 198
4 CONCLUSIONS: KNOWLEDGE OF GREEK......Page 210
1 CAROLINGIAN GAUL AND IRELAND......Page 213
2 GLASTONBURY......Page 217
3 EARLY MEDIEVAL CORNWALL......Page 220
4 SOUTH-EAST WALES......Page 226
5 EARLY INSULAR INSCRIPTIONS FROM WEST WALES......Page 234
6 ROMAN BRITAIN......Page 238
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 245
2 CONSTRUCTING MEANINGS AND CONTEXTS......Page 248
3 -SCHOOL’ TEXTS FROM GRAECO-ROMAN EGYPT......Page 250
4 DEIR EL-BAHRI: ALPHABET TEXTS AND THE MULTIPLE REUSE OF SPACES......Page 255
5 BENI HASAN AND THE BILINGUAL ASPECT OF LEARNING......Page 275
6 CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 283
1 NEO-PUNIC AND LATIN IN THE EPIGRAPHIC LANDSCAPE OF ROMAN NORTH AFRICA......Page 285
2 BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS FROM LEPCIS MAGNA......Page 292
3 BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS FROM SABRATHA AND OEA......Page 319
4 BILINGUAL AND TRILINGUAL FUNERARY INSCRIPTIONS OF THE ROMAN PERIOD......Page 322
5 NEO-PUNIC BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS OUTSIDE TRIPOLITANIA......Page 326
6 LATINO-PUNIC INSCRIPTIONS......Page 327
7 CONCLUSION......Page 332
CHAPTER 12 Cultures as languages and languages as cultures......Page 337
Bibliography......Page 355
General Index
......Page 400