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Multicenter trial on mother-to-infant transmission of GBV-C virus

✍ Scribed by Zanetti, Alessandro R.; Tanzi, Elisabetta; Romanó, Luisa; Principi, Nicola; Zuin, Giovanna; Minola, Eliseo; Zapparoli, Barbara; Palmieri, Marina; Marini, Antonio; Ghisotti, Daniela; Friedman, Paula; Hunt, Jeffrey; Laffler, Thomas

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1998
Tongue
English
Weight
283 KB
Volume
54
Category
Article
ISSN
0146-6615

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✦ Synopsis

Evidence indicates that the GBV-C or hepatitis G virus can cause persistent infection in humans, but little is known on the importance of vertical transmission. To assess the risk of mother-toinfant transmission and the clinical outcome of infected babies, we investigated 175 anti-HCV positive mothers and followed-up their children for 3-33 months. GBV-C RNA was detected by RT-PCR and anti-E2 antibody was assayed by EIA. Thirty-four (19.4%) women were GBV-C RNA positive and transmission occurred to 21 (61.8%) babies; 20 (95.2%) acquired GBV-C alone, and one (4.8%) GBV-C and HCV. Maternal factors such as intravenous drug use, HIV coinfection, HCV-RNA positivity, and type of feeding were not correlated with GBV-C transmission. GBV-C RNA remained persistently positive in all infected babies but one baby who seroconverted to anti-E2. Seven (35%) babies with GBV-C alone developed marginally elevated ALT; the baby with HCV and GBV-C co-infection had the highest ALT peak value (664 IU/l). Seven of the 141 (5%) babies born to the GBV-C RNA negative mothers acquired HCV and six (85.7%) had abnormal ALT. The mean ALT peak value was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for babies with HCV than for those with GBV-C. None of the children with GBV-C or with HCV became icteric. GBV-C is frequently present in anti-HCV positive women. The infection is transmitted efficiently from mother to baby and rate of transmission is much higher than that for HCV. GBV-C can cause persistent infection in babies but usually without clear evidence of liver disease.

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