Mucosal immunization with inactivated HIV-1-capturing nanospheres induces a significant HIV-1-specific vaginal antibody response in mice

✍ Scribed by Takami Akagi; Masaki Kawamura; Masamichi Ueno; Katsuya Hiraishi; Masakazu Adachi; Takeshi Serizawa; Mitsuru Akashi; Masanori Baba

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2002
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 350 KB
• Volume: 69
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0146-6615
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.10279

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Mucosal secretory IgA is considered to have an important role in the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) transmission through sexual intercourse. Therefore, substances that induce HIV‐1‐specific IgA antibody in the genital tract may become promising candidates for prophylactic vaccine against HIV‐1 infection. We have previously reported that concanavalin A‐immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A‐NS) could efficiently capture HIV‐1 particles and gp120 antigens on their surface and that intravaginal immunization with inactivated HIV‐1‐capturing nanospheres (HIV‐NS) induced vaginal anti‐HIV‐1 IgA antibody in mice. In this study, various strategies for immunization with HIV‐NS were undertaken to induce HIV‐1‐specific IgA response in the mouse genital tract. HIV‐NS were administered intravaginally, orally, intranasally or intraperitoneally to mice. Progesterone treatment enhanced the anti‐HIV‐1 IgA response to intravaginal immunization significantly, but intranasal immunization with HIV‐NS was more effective compared with other immunization routes in terms of vaginal IgA response. In addition, vaginal washes from intranasally immunized mice were capable of neutralizing HIV‐1~IIIB~. Thus, application of HIV‐NS is a practical approach to promote HIV‐1‐specific IgA response by the vaginal mucosa in the mouse and intranasal appears to be an effective immunization route in this animal model. Intranasal immunization with HIV‐NS should be further pursued for its potential as an HIV‐1 prophylactic vaccine. J. Med. Virol. 69:163–172, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.