These chapters will be of greatest interest to paleontologists, but provide solid biostratigraphic links to other chronometrically-dated sequences, and fill in the paleoenvironmental picture.
The final section of the book, "Paleoanthropology," contains five chapters. The first three consider the archaeological and human osteological evidence recovered from the Upper Semliki research area, while the last two present contemporary experimental and ethnoarchaeological data. "Archaeology of the Lusso Beds," by J. W. K. Harris and 10 co-authors, is the principal statement to date on the earliest archaeological materials from the Upper Semliki, and focuses on the Senga 5A site. The Pliocene archaeological materials from this site seem to have been transported en masse for a short distance, diminishing the site's potential for behavioral interpretations based on spatial analyses. A single fragment of turtle plastron recovered from the site exhibits linear grooves that the authors are anxious to call tool-induced cut marks, although the groove morphology makes this interpretation problematic.