Monoclinic double tungstate lattice matched epitaxial layers for integrated optics applications
✍ Scribed by Western Bolaños; Joan J. Carvajal; Maria Cinta Pujol; Xavier Mateos; Magdalena Aguiló; Francesc Díaz
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 409 KB
- Volume
- 8
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1875-3892
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
In this work we report on the activation of KY 1-x-y Gd x Lu y (WO 4 ) 2 lattice matched epitaxial layers with Er 3+ and Tm 3+ ions. The epilayers posses low enough lattice mismatch as well as high enough refractive index contrast with respect to the KY(WO 4 ) 2 substrates, which are key parameters for the fabrication of high quality optical waveguides. A structural study revealed that there are two types of lattice matched KY 1-x-y Gd x Lu y (WO 4 ) 2 compositions, one with a negative lattice mismatch, -0.53 10 -3 , corresponding to KY 0.58 Gd 0.22 Lu 0.20 (WO 4 ) 2 , and the second one with a positive lattice mismatch, 0.55 10 -3 , which corresponds to KY 0.75 Gd 0.18 Lu 0.07 (WO 4 ) 2 . However, the refractive indices corresponding to the first one were greater than those of the second composition. We then chose the composition with a negative lattice mismatch for doping with Er 3+ and Tm 3+ active ions, both with percentages of 1% at. and 3% at. Epitaxial growth of the active lattice matched layers on b oriented KY(WO 4 ) 2 substrates was obtained without loosing structural quality compared with the passive compositions. Waveguiding demonstration was observed by recording the dark mode spectra at different wavelengths.