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Modified Nucleosides || 2′-Deoxyribose-Modified Nucleoside Triphosphates and their Recognition by DNA Polymerases

✍ Scribed by Herdewijn, Piet

Publisher
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
Year
2008
Tongue
German
Weight
214 KB
Edition
1
Category
Article
ISBN
3527318208

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✦ Synopsis

j75

discussion since the discovery of the first DNA polymerase, Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, by Kornberg about half a century ago [12,13]. While certain DNA polymerases show low error rates (as low as only one error within one million synthesized nucleotide linkages), other enzymes may exhibit high error rates of up to one error within one to ten synthesized nucleotide linkages [2,4]. On the other hand, studies with nucleotide analogues that were synthesized in order to investigate the chemical etiology of DNA, in their interplay with DNA polymerases, should shed light on the ability of chemical alternatives to DNA to carry out its task of information storage and transfer. Recently, a wealth of valuable new insights along these lines concerning DNA polymerase selectivity mechanisms and substrate spectra was gained through the application of carefully designed synthetic nucleotides in functional enzyme studies [14][15][16]. This chapter reviews recent examples of dNTPs that comprise altered 2 0 -deoxyribose moieties, and highlights the merit of employment of the chemical probes in order to gain insight into complex biological processes. 4.2 Modified Nucleotides as Alternative Building Blocks to Natural Nucleic Acids 4.2.1

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