Modern Physics, 6th Edition

✍ Scribed by Paul Tipler, Ralph Llewellyn

• Year: 2013
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 786
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Cover Page......Page 1
Title Page......Page 3
Copyrght
......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
PART 1 Relativity and Quantum Mechanics: The Foundations of Modern Physics......Page 19
CHAPTER 1 Relativity I......Page 21
1-1 The Experimental Basis of Relativity......Page 22
Michelson-Morley Experiment......Page 25
1-2 Einstein’s Postulates......Page 29
1-3 The Lorentz Transformation......Page 35
Calibrating the Spacetime Axes......Page 46
1-4 Time Dilation and Length Contraction......Page 47
1-5 The Doppler Effect......Page 58
Transverse Doppler Effect......Page 62
1-6 The Twin Paradox and Other Surprises......Page 63
The Case of the Identically Accelerated Twins......Page 66
Superluminal Speeds......Page 69
CHAPTER 2 Relativity II......Page 83
2-1 Relativistic Momentum......Page 84
2-2 Relativistic Energy......Page 88
Another Surprise......Page 98
2-3 Mass/Energy Conversion and Binding Energy......Page 99
2-4 Invariant Mass......Page 102
2-5 General Relativity......Page 115
Deflection of Light in a Gravitational Field......Page 121
Gravitational Redshift......Page 124
Delay of Light in a Gravitational Field......Page 126
3-1 Quantization of Electric Charge......Page 137
3-2 Blackbody Radiation......Page 141
3-3 The Photoelectric Effect......Page 149
3-4 X Rays and the Compton Effect......Page 155
Derivation of Compton’s Equation......Page 161
CHAPTER 4 The Nuclear Atom......Page 171
4-1 Atomic Spectra......Page 172
4-2 Rutherford’s Nuclear Model......Page 174
Rutherford’s Prediction and Geiger and Marsden’s Results......Page 180
4-3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom......Page 183
Giant Atoms......Page 192
4-4 X-Ray Spectra......Page 193
4-5 The Franck-Hertz Experiment......Page 198
A Critique of Bohr Theory and the “Old Quantum Mechanics”......Page 200
5-1 The de Broglie Hypothesis......Page 211
5-2 Measurements of Particle Wavelengths......Page 213
5-3 Wave Packets......Page 222
5-4 The Probabilistic Interpretation of the Wave Function......Page 228
5-5 The Uncertainty Principle......Page 231
The Gamma-Ray Microscope......Page 232
5-6 Some Consequences of the Uncertainty Principle......Page 234
5-7 Wave-Particle Duality......Page 237
Two-Slit Interference Pattern......Page 238
CHAPTER 6 The Schrödinger Equation......Page 247
6-1 The Schrödinger Equation in One Dimension......Page 248
6-2 The Infinite Square Well......Page 255
6-3 The Finite Square Well......Page 264
Graphical Solution of the Finite Square Well......Page 267
6-4 Expectation Values and Operators......Page 268
6-5 The Simple Harmonic Oscillator......Page 271
Schrödinger’s Trick......Page 274
Parity......Page 275
6-6 Reflection and Transmission of Waves......Page 276
Alpha Decay......Page 283
Tunnel Diode......Page 285
7-1 The Schrödinger Equation in Three Dimensions......Page 295
7-2 Quantization of Angular Momentum and Energy in the Hydrogen Atom......Page 298
7-3 The Hydrogen Atom Wave Functions......Page 307
7-4 Electron Spin......Page 311
Stern-Gerlach Experiment......Page 314
7-5 Total Angular Momentum and the Spin-Orbit Effect......Page 316
7-6 The Schrödinger Equation for Two (or More) Particles......Page 321
7-7 Ground States of Atoms: The Periodic Table......Page 323
7-8 Excited States and Spectra of Alkali Atoms......Page 327
Multielectron Atoms......Page 329
Frozen Light......Page 330
CHAPTER 8 Statistical Physics......Page 343
8-1 Classical Statistics: A Review......Page 344
Temperature and Entropy......Page 347
A Derivation of the Equipartition Theorem......Page 352
8-2 Quantum Statistics......Page 356
8-3 The Bose-Einstein Condensation......Page 363
Liquid Helium......Page 364
8-4 The Photon Gas: An Application of Bose-Einstein Statistics......Page 372
8-5 Properties of a Fermion Gas......Page 379
PART 2 Applications of Quantum Mechanics and Relativity......Page 391
CHAPTER 9 Molecular Structure and Spectra......Page 393
9-1 The Ionic Bond......Page 394
9-2 The Covalent Bond......Page 399
9-3 Other Bonding Mechanisms......Page 405
9-4 Energy Levels and Spectra of Diatomic Molecules......Page 410
9-5 Scattering, Absorption, and Stimulated Emission......Page 420
9-6 Lasers and Masers......Page 426
10-1 The Structure of Solids......Page 445
10-2 Classical Theory of Conduction......Page 455
10-3 Free-Electron Gas in Metals......Page 458
10-4 Quantum Theory of Conduction......Page 462
10-5 Magnetism in Solids......Page 466
Spintronics......Page 469
10-6 Band Theory of Solids......Page 470
Quantum Wells......Page 477
10-7 Impurity Semiconductors......Page 478
Hall Effect......Page 481
10-8 Semiconductor Junctions and Devices......Page 485
10-9 Superconductivity......Page 490
Flux Quantization......Page 495
Josephson Junction......Page 500
CHAPTER 11 Nuclear Physics......Page 511
11-1 The Composition of the Nucleus......Page 512
11-2 Ground-State Properties of Nuclei......Page 514
Liquid-Drop Model and the Semiempirical Mass Formula......Page 523
11-3 Radioactivity......Page 526
11-4 Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Decay......Page 529
Energetics of Alpha Decay......Page 532
11-5 The Nuclear Force......Page 540
Probability Density of the Exchange Mesons......Page 546
11-6 The Shell Model......Page 547
11-7 Nuclear Reactions......Page 551
11-8 Fission and Fusion......Page 560
Nuclear Power......Page 564
Interaction of Particles and Matter......Page 570
11-9 Applications......Page 571
Radiation Dosage......Page 584
CHAPTER 12 Particle Physics......Page 597
12-1 Basic Concepts......Page 598
12-2 Fundamental Interactions and the Force Carriers......Page 606
A Further Comment about Interaction Strengths......Page 613
12-3 Conservation Laws and Symmetries......Page 616
When Is a Physical Quantity Conserved?......Page 619
12-4 The Standard Model......Page 627
Where Does the Proton Get Its Spin?......Page 631
12-5 Beyond the Standard Model......Page 641
Neutrino Oscillations and Mass......Page 645
String Theory......Page 647
13-1 The Sun......Page 657
Is There Life Elsewhere?......Page 668
13-2 The Stars......Page 669
The Celestial Sphere......Page 674
13-3 The Evolution of Stars......Page 677
13-4 Cataclysmic Events......Page 682
13-5 Final States of Stars......Page 685
13-6 Galaxies......Page 691
13-7 Cosmology and Gravitation......Page 701
13-8 Cosmology and the Evolution of the Universe......Page 704
“Natural” Planck Units......Page 712
Appendix A Table of Atomic Masses......Page 721
Appendix B1 Probability Integrals......Page 736
Appendix B2 Binomial and Exponential Series......Page 738
Appendix B3 Diagrams of Crystal Unit Cells......Page 739
Appendix C Electron Configurations......Page 740
Appendix D Fundamental Physical Constants......Page 745
Appendix E Conversion Factors......Page 749
Appendix F Nobel Laureates in Physics......Page 751
Answers......Page 759
Index......Page 765

✦ Subjects

Физика;Общая и теоретическая физика;