MODELLING EMISSION FACTORS OF ROAD TRAFFIC FROM A TUNNEL STUDY

✍ Scribed by JOHANNES STAEHELIN; CHRISTIAN KELLER; WERNER A. STAHEL; KURT SCHLÄPFER; URS STEINEMANN; TONI BÜRGIN; STEFAN SCHNEIDER

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1997
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 366 KB
• Volume: 8
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 1180-4009
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-095x(199705)8:3<219::aid-env254>3.0.co;2-m

✦ Synopsis

Road emissions are one of the most important sources of primary air pollutants in the industrialized world.

Here we describe the emission factors of road trac derived from measurements in the Gubrist tunnel (near ZuÈ rich, Switzerland). The measurements performed from 20 to 26 September 1993, included a large variety of compounds and detailed trac information. Multiple regression models have been used to calculate the emission factors of NO x , CO, total hydrocarbon (t-HC) and 26 individual hydrocarbons. Three types of vehicle classi®cations (light duty and heavy duty vehicles, gasoline and diesel powered vehicles and a re®ned version of the latter classi®cation) and two approaches for modelling the in¯uence of average vehicle speed (approximately 80 to 100 km/h) lead to ®ve dierent statistical models. A further model was developed for the description of the dependence of the relative composition of organic exhaust gases on average vehicle speed. This dependence was found to be weak but statistically signi®cant for several compounds. This paper describes why and how re®nements of simpler models were developed. If calculated emission factors are to be compared with results of other studies, several models may be needed.