โ Scribed by C.-C. WANG; Z. YE
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The oscillation of a bubble has many vibrational modes, contributing to di!erent portions in acoustic scattering. Without approximations a priori, an hydrodynamic approach is applied to investigate acoustic scattering by a bubble in water, taking into account the heat exchange and viscosity. The scattering function is derived for a wide range of frequencies. Examples are shown to illustrate the thermal and viscous e!ects on sound scattering. Comparison is made with three existing models. While these models are known not to be applicable for high frequencies, it is shown here that even in the low-frequency region, there are also noticeable discrepancies between the exact solution and the three existing models with regard to the scattering properties such as the scattering cross-section, and the quality factor of resonant peaks. By numerical simulation, we claim that the discrepancies may be due to the incomplete consideration of the thermal exchange process in the previous models. The approach presented here is valid for any other #uid enclosure in liquids.
2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.
The heat energy transfer is governed by [14]
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