Migration behaviors of antiozonants to the surface in NR vulcanizates, depending on the season: The effect of wax

✍ Scribed by Sung-Seen Choi

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1999
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 136 KB
• Volume: 71
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0021-8995
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990321)71:12<1987::aid-app8>3.0.co;2-b

✦ Synopsis

Influence of wax film on the surface of a rubber vulcanizate on migration of antiozonants was studied using NR vulcanizates containing various types of waxes. The waxes have different molecular weight distributions. N-phenyl-NЈ-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD), N-phenyl-NЈ-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-p-phenylenediamine (HPPD), N,NЈ-di(sec-butyl)-p-phenylenediamine (SBPPD), and N,NЈ-di(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-pphenylenediamine (DMPPD) were used as antiozonants. Migration experiments were performed outdoors for two months in the summer, fall, and winter. The migration rates of the antiozonants in the vulcanizate without wax are faster than those in the vulcanizates with waxes. The antiozonants migrate slower in the vulcanizate containing wax with a high-molecular-weight distribution than in the vulcanizate with a low one. In the summer, the migration rates of SBPPD and DMPPD are faster than those of IPPD and HPPD, respectively. But, in the fall, the migration rates of SBPPD and DMPPD are slower than those of IPPD and HPPD, respectively. The differences of migration behaviors of the antiozonants, depending on season and wax type, was discussed.