Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix) describe the electrical behaviors of linear electrical networks when undergoing various stimuli by electrical signals. The parameters of the scattering matrix are highly useful to electrical engineers involved with microwave circuit and system design. This authoritative resource provides comprehensive and detailed coverage of the wave approach to microwave network characterization, analysis, and design using scattering parameters. For the first time in any book, all aspects and approaches to wave variables and the scattering matrix are explored. The book compares and contrasts voltage waves, travelling waves, pseudo waves, and power waves, and explains the differences between real scattering parameters, pseudo scattering parameters, and power scattering parameters. Moreover, professionals find clear methods for standard single-ended multiport network design and noise analysis. This in-depth reference is packed with over 1,100 equations and numerous illustrations.