Microgrids: Design, Applications and Control

✍ Scribed by Randy Allen, Edward Jacobs

• Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
• Year: 2018
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 235
• Series: Electrical Engineering Developments
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Microgrids: Design, Applications and Control presents a comprehensive discussion on the modeling and analysis of microgrids. The authors discuss load modeling, renewable distributed generation insertion, local control strategies and a general load flow method designed for balanced and unbalanced microgrids capable of operating connected to the main grid. Two types of primary control are discussed in this book: conventional power control for a residential fuel cell, and virtual synchronous generator control for a battery. The proposed method enables surplus/shortage power in a transient microgrid to be effectively and autonomously interchanged among clusters without using any tertiary control. Later, the authors aim to devise a solution for optimal dispatch of the energy resources in a microgrid being used to continue supplying critical loads during power outages. The goal is to maximize the number of loads served subject to the operational and technical constrains of the microgrid. This compilation includes a novel optimal fractional order general type-2 fuzzy logic proportionalintegralderivative (FOGT2FPID) controller book for the load frequency control of Shipboard MGs. Later, the Load Frequency Control Model is considered for its propensity to stabilize the frequency of the system in the presence of Distributed Generation, two Electric Vehicles as energy storage, and intermittent load and wind power profiles as uncertainties. The authors analyze the details of Neuroscience Based Control approaches, human brain emotional learning and Hebb learning controllers. Next, a critical review of fundamental knowledge and theories underpinning the formation of Microgrids, as well as techniques and strategies that have been proposed in recent years for the purpose of maintaining their stability, are provided. Discussions of current trends and future work in Microgrid research will also be presented. Additionally, a comprehensive review of the current control technology is given with a discussion on challenges of microgrid controls. A networked system of systems approach is addressed to design a control for the islanded microgrid system consisting of distributed generation units and supplying a load.

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
The Load Flow Method for Balanced and Unbalanced Microgrids Able to Operate Islanded and Connected to the Main Grid
Abstract
Introduction
Load Modeling
Renewables Modeling
Solar Photovoltaic Model
Wind Turbine Model
Load Flow Method for Balanced and Unbalanced Microgrids
Primary Droop Control
Secondary Control
Test Microgrid
Operational Limits
Results
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 2
Autonomous Power Management in Microgrids Using Virtual Synchronous Generators
Abstract
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. VSG Control
3. APM
3.1. Power Command of the BAT
3.2. Power Command of the FC
3.3. Effectiveness of the Control Algorithm
4. Simulation Test Results
5. Experimental Test Results
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3
The Application of Microgrids in Service Restoration in the Aftermath of Natural Disasters
Abstract
Introduction
Assumptions
Mathematical Models for DER Units
Dispatchable DG Units
Problem Formulation
Objective Functions
Constraints
Solution Methodology
Case Study
Test System and Input Data
Simulation Results
Sensitivity Analysis Based on the Available Fuel
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4
Load Frequency Control in Shipboard Microgrids: The Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. The Modeling of a Shipboard Microgrid
A. The Model of an Isolated Shipboard MG
B. Wind Turbine Model
C. The Diesel Ship Power System Model
D. Model of Sea Wave Energy
E. Photovoltaic Generation
F. The General Scheme of Shipboard MG with LFC Controller
3. Fractional Order General Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Proportional–Integral–Derivative (FOGT2FPID) Controller
A. Non-Integer Calculus Basics
B. The General Type-II Fuzzy Logic Controller (GT2FLC)
C. Design of FOGT2FPID Controller
4. The Overview of Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA)
5. Hardware Implementation and Simulation Results
A. Case 1
B. Case 2
C. Case 3
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5
Load Frequency Control in a Microgrid Including Electric Vehicle Using Neuroscience Based Controllers
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Hebb Learning Based Controller
Learning Methods for Weights
Human Brain Emotional Learning Controller
LFC Intelligent Control Based on Emotional Learning and Its Bi-Objective Control Structure
Model of Microgrid
Microgrid Model
The Control Structure
The Proposed Method
Simulation and Results
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Scenario 3
Scenario 4
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6
Control Techniques
and the Mathematical Model of Microgrids
Chapter 7
Microgrid Control Methods:
An Overview
Abstract
Index
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