Methods of measuring temperature: By Ezer Griffiths, D.Sc., formerly Fellow of the University of Wales, Principal Assistant in the Physics Department of the National Physical Laboratory, with an introduction by Principal E. H. Griffiths, F.R.S. Second edition revised, xii-203 pages, with illustrations. London, Charles Griffin and Company, Limited; Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1925
✍ Scribed by Lucien E. Picolet
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1926
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 66 KB
- Volume
- 201
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0016-0032
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✦ Synopsis
Temperature measurement is a recognized paramount factor in all investigations in physical science, and in present-day industrial processes as we!l, its importance has become supreme. Very high and very low temperatures are employed in these modern activities and rough approximations of their values will not suffice. We owe to the celebrated steel-maker, Hadfield, an early striking demonstration of this fact. He showed that carbon-steel, when quenched at a temperature below the recalescence point, failed to harden, but when quenched at a temperature only 15 ° C. above that point, it became totally hard.
The present volume describes and analyzes the details of the methods and apparatus for making temperature measurements which meet these modern requirements. The first chapter contains a general account of the determination of the fundamental scale of temperature. The calibration of mercurial, gas and resistance thermometers covering a range, in total, from -200 ° C. to 15o0 ° C. are outlined along with references to the determination of the boiling-point of sulphur. The technique of calibration of mercurial thermometers occupies the second chapter. In the third chapter are described and critically examined successful forms of resistance thermometers with approved forms of resistance bridges. Specifications for standardization by the sulphur boiling-point with an example of their application to actual observations are included. The fourth chapter deals at equal length with thermocouple thermometers and their auxiliaries.
The succeeding chapters, which occupy slightly more than half the volume, relate to the laws of radiation and to radiation pyrometers. The " fourth power " law is given a summarized review. Accounts of the F6ry, Foster and Thwing radiation pyrometers follow. Succeeding chapters are devoted to radiation from oxide and metallic surfaces, the distribution of energy in the spectrum of a" full radiator " and the principles of optical pyrometry, the distribution of energy in the heat-emission spectrum of the metals and, finally, the determination of high-temperature melting-points. An appendix gives specifications of sulphur boiling-point apparatus. The copious lists of bibliographical references at the end of each chapter is a highly commendable feature which is fortunately coming into increasing vogue in technical literature.
Although the work contains a considerable volume of analytical discussion, its strongest appeal is to the experimental investigator. Its presentation of a collection of the most modern, authoritative and generally accepted methods of measuring temperature constitutes a valuable document. The make-up of the book is of the usual style and high quality of the Grittin-Lippincott productions.