Metaphor Wars: Conceptual Metaphors in Human Life

✍ Scribed by Raymond W. Gibbs Jr

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Year: 2017
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 334
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The study of metaphor is now firmly established as a central topic within cognitive science and the humanities. We marvel at the creative dexterity of gifted speakers and writers for their special talents in both thinking about certain ideas in new ways, and communicating these thoughts in vivid, poetic forms. Yet metaphors may not only be special communicative devices, but a fundamental part of everyday cognition in the form of 'conceptual metaphors'. An enormous body of empirical evidence from cognitive linguistics and related disciplines has emerged detailing how conceptual metaphors underlie significant aspects of language, thought, cultural and expressive action. Despite its influence and popularity, there have been major criticisms of conceptual metaphor. This book offers an evaluation of the arguments and empirical evidence for and against conceptual metaphors, much of which scholars on both sides of the wars fail to properly acknowledge.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half-title
Title page
Copyright information
Dedication
Table of contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 What Are Metaphor Wars?
The Broader Impact of Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Attacking Conceptual Metaphor Theory
My Fights in These Wars
2 Conceptual Metaphor Analysis
Systematicity of Conventional Expressions
Primary Metaphor Theory
Neural Theory of Metaphor
How Many Conceptual Metaphors Are There?
Universality of Conceptual Metaphors
Idioms and Proverbs
Polysemy
Metonymy
Novel Metaphors
Metaphor in Discourse
The Scope of Studies Related to Conceptual Metaphors
Conclusion
3 Identifying Metaphors in Language
The Goals of Metaphor Identification
Are Some Conventional Expressions Really Metaphorical?
Can We Reliably Identify Metaphors?
Corpus and Computational Studies
Are Some Metaphors Deliberate?
Metaphorical Thought without Metaphorical Language
Some Larger Goals for Metaphor Identification
Conclusion
4 Inferring Conceptual Metaphors from Language
Linking Conceptual Metaphors with Linguistic Metaphors
Cross-Domain Mappings or Categorization
Do We Really Need Conceptual Metaphors to Understand Time?
Conceptual Motivations for Verbal Metaphors about Arguments
The Need for Corpus Linguistics
Does CMT Ignore Lexical and Grammatical Factors?
Does CMT Ignore Socio-Cultural Forces?
Does CMT Ignore Indeterminacy of Poetic Understanding?
Are Cultural Models Partly Metaphorical?
Is Mathematics Metaphorical?
Do Conceptual Metaphors Emerge from Language?
Agency and Conceptual Metaphorical Thinking
Metaphor in Politics, Business, and Illness
Competing Visions of Metaphorical Thought
Are Conceptual Metaphors Based on Individual or Collective Psychology?
5 Psychology of Conceptual Metaphors in Verbal Metaphor Use
Several Possible Hypotheses
Describing Our Thoughts After Speaking Metaphorically
Reflecting on Metaphorical Meaning
Generating Metaphorical Mappings
Reasoning and Problem Solving
Mental Imagery
Episodic Memory Tasks
Speeded Processing and Production of Verbal Metaphors
Inferring Metaphorical Entailments
Embodiment in Verbal Metaphor Understanding
Cognitive Neuroscience Evidence on Embodied Conceptual Metaphor
Experimental Evidence Contrary to CMT
Preliminary Conclusions
The Way Forward: Interacting Constraints in Verbal Metaphor Use
6 Conceptual Metaphors in Multimodal Experience
Conceptual Metaphor in Categorization and Creativity
Conceptual Metaphor in Social Cognition
Gesture
Static and Moving Images
Music
Metaphors in Computing Experience
Conceptual Metaphors in Dance
Conceptual Metaphors for the Artistic Process
Enacting Conceptual Metaphors in Material Culture
Conclusion
7 Conclusion and the Future
Notes
Dedication
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
References
Index