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Mesenchymal stem cells as trophic mediators

โœ Scribed by Arnold I. Caplan; James E. Dennis

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2006
Tongue
English
Weight
223 KB
Volume
98
Category
Article
ISSN
0730-2312

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โœฆ Synopsis

Abstract

Adult marrowโ€derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are capable of dividing and their progeny are further capable of differentiating into one of several mesenchymal phenotypes such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, marrow stromal cells, tendonโ€ligament fibroblasts, and adipocytes. In addition, these MSCs secrete a variety of cytokines and growth factors that have both paracrine and autocrine activities. These secreted bioactive factors suppress the local immune system, inhibit fibrosis (scar formation) and apoptosis, enhance angiogenesis, and stimulate mitosis and differentiation of tissueโ€intrinsic reparative or stem cells. These effects, which are referred to as trophic effects, are distinct from the direct differentiation of MSCs into repair tissue. Several studies which tested the use of MSCs in models of infarct (injured heart), stroke (brain), or meniscus regeneration models are reviewed within the context of MSCโ€mediated trophic effects in tissue repair. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 1076โ€“1084, 2006. ยฉ 2006 Wileyโ€Liss, Inc.

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