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Mechanistic aspects of HIV-1 reverse transcription initiation

✍ Scribed by David Harrich; Bill Hooker

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2002
Tongue
English
Weight
226 KB
Volume
12
Category
Article
ISSN
1052-9276

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

During reverse transcription, the positive‐strand HIV‐1 RNA genome is converted into a double‐stranded DNA copy which can be permanently integrated into the host cell genome. Recent analyses show that HIV‐1 reverse transcription is a highly regulated process. The initiation reaction can be distinguished from a subsequent elongation reaction carried out by a reverse transcription complex composed of (at least) heterodimeric reverse transcriptase, cellular tRNA^lys3^ and HIV‐1 genomic RNA sequences. In addition, viral factors including Tat, Nef, Vif, Vpr, IN and NCp7, cellular proteins, and TAR RNA and other RNA stem‐loop structures appear to influence this complex and contribute to the efficiency of the initiation reaction. As viral resistance to many antiretroviral compounds is a continuing problem, understanding the ways in which these factors influence the reverse transcription complex will likely lead to novel antiretroviral strategies. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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