โ Scribed by A.E. Wells; D.E. Fogg
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
acid is one of the most impo,rtant of a!1 chemicals, not only because of the large quantities manufactured, but also because of the wide use of the acid in many different industrial works. The more important uses are as follows :
Dilute acid-that is 60"B. (78 per cent. H2S04) acid, or weaker, is used in the manufacture of super-phosphates, ammonium sulphate, and sulphates of metals; in precipitating barium and calcium sulphate fo'r chemical purposesN; in the manufacture of mineral acids; in pickling sheet iron for tinning and galvanizing; in various metallurgical operations; in the production of copper, zinc, nickel, silver, and gold; in the manufacture of galvanic batteries, storage batteries, electroplating, ether, ocganic coloring matters, starch, sirup, and sugar; and in innumerable other chemical and industrial operations.
Concentrated acid-that is, 78 per cent. to IOO per cent. H,SO,-is used for purifying benzene, petroleum, paraffin oil, and other mineral oils; for manufacture of nitroglycerin, pyroxylin, nitrobenzene, picric acid, and various other nitric compounds and nitro ethers; and in the manufacture of fatty acids by distillation.
Fuming acid (oleum) is used principally for the manufacture of explosives, such as nitrocellulose, trinitrotoluol, picric acid, and nitroglycerin; manufacture of certain organ0 sulphuric acids; and for fotrtifying weaker acids.
When the United States entered the war, heavy requirements for explosives manufacture made necessary a definite knowledge of the sulphuric acid capacity of the country.
The Bureau of Mines, under the authority conferred by the explosives act, made a complete survey of the sulphuric acid situation.
Data were collected on the situation and capacities of the various acid plants,
๐ SIMILAR VOLUMES
51' l~e 3~@wb~re qf SJphuric Aoid. :~l~ ON IHL MANb]'ACILRL OF SbL[ Itl;RIC ACID. H. Pembcrton, ,Jr., ,'ires in the JOURNAL ()F Tt[E I; RANKLIN IN- s'rrrr'r}:, 1883, vol. 115, p. 356, some results from the manuihcture of sulphurlc acid t?om brhnsto,le, which illustrate the ratio between the nitre c
The apparatus employed consisted of a portable windlass containing 3,(xร~ feet of wire, three Itargrave kites having a total lifting surface of 8o square feet, and an instrument for recording temperature, pressure and wind velocity and humidity. This outfit was installed on the upper deck of a tug i