Content: Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Table of Contents
1: Outlook, Concepts, Definitions, and Scientific Organizations for the Fertilizer Industry
Outlook for the Fertilizer Industry
General Concepts and Definitions
Fertilizer Technology-Related Organizations
References
2: Nitrogen
Naphtha as a Feedstock for Ammonia
Nitrogen Solutions
3: Phosphate Rock
Introduction
Geology and Rock Characteristics
World Phosphate Rock Supply-Demand
Major Producers
Resources
Mining and Beneficiation Methods
References
4: Potash Mining and Refining. Historical BackgroundMining
Refining
Analytical Methods
References
Additional Reading
5: Thermal Phosphate
General Description
Fused Magnesium Phosphate (FMP)
Calcined Phosphate
References
6: Production of Single Superphosphate with a TVA Cone Mixer and Belt Den
Preparation of Raw Materials
Conditioning of Raw Materials
Material Metering
TVA Mixing Cone
7: The Sackett Super-Flo Process
Development of Super-Flo Process
Sackett Super-Flo Today
8: Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid Production
Dihydrate Process for Producing WPA
Chemical Nature of WPA. Effects of WPA Impurities on Fertilizer GradeAppendix: Further Reading
9: Granulation
Formulation
Mixer Reactions
Nutrient and Material Balances
Appendix: Equipment Specifications: Granulation Unit-Typical Medium-Sized Plant
10: Diammonium Phosphate Plants and Processes
Plants and Processes
TVA Process for Production of DAP from Wet Process Phosphoric Acid and Ammonia
Preneutralization
Ammoniator-Granulators
Drying
Cooling
Sizing
Refinements and Variations in the Production of Diammonium Phosphate
115-Ton-Per-Hour DAP Plant. Modern, Flexible DAP-NPK Combination Granulation Plant11: Review of the Production of Monoammonium Phosphate
Processes for Production of Granular MAP
Processes for Production of Nongranular MAP
Use of MAP in the Production of Granular NPK Fertilizer
Formation of Citrate-Insoluble P2O5
References
12: Granulation Using the Pipe-Cross Reactor
Production of NPKS Grades
Production of Monoammonium Phosphate
Production of Diammonium Phosphate
Summary
References
13: Bulk Blending
Background
Plant Design
Quality Control
Outlook
References
14: Dry Bulk Blending in the Americas. HistoryAcceptance
Raw Materials
Mixing
Bagging
Production Planning
Ferquido-A Case History
References
15: The Norsk Hydro Nitrophosphate Process
Introduction
The Norsk Hydro NPK-Process
Process Control
Materials of Construction
Product Quality with Particular Reference to Bulk Transportation
Self-Sustaining Decomposition
The Production Cost of Nitrophosphate NPK
References
16: Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers
Introduction
Ureaform
Sulfur-Coated Urea
Isobutylidenediurea (IBDU)
Polymer-Coated Fertilizers
Processed Natural Organic Fertilizers.