Managing New Security Threats in the Caribbean

✍ Scribed by Georgina Chami (editor), Jerome Teelucksingh (editor), Marlon Anatol (editor)

• Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 306
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book examines non-traditional forms of security and expands the notion of security to include non-state actors and non-human actors. With a wide-ranging look into some of the ‘new’ security threats facing state and non-state actors today, this book is designed to specifically offer new angles on tackling these threats in the Caribbean region. It explores issues relating to viruses, war and conflict, migration, geopolitics, climate change and terrorism through multi- and interdisciplinary perspectives on global (in-)securities. Each chapter clearly elucidates the connectedness of these non-traditional threats, drawing on a remarkable number of the most recent reports and scholarly works. Most importantly, there is a lack of Caribbean studies in the security themes that are studied. This book is a much-needed and timely addition to intellectual thought on Caribbean security in an increasingly fragmented world. It will be of great interest to students of international security studies, human security, global politics, and international relations.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Notes on Contributors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
Sketching the Landscape
The ‘New’ Global Security Landscape
Caribbean Security and ‘New’ Threats
Premises and Organization of the Book
Part 1—The Global Security Landscape
Part 2—Security Threats in the Caribbean
Part 3—The Intersection of Diplomacy and Security
Part 4—Future Outlook for Security Management in the Caribbean
References
Part I The Global Security Landscape
2 Multi-Regionalism: Coherent and Realigned Caribbean Geopolitics for Sustainable Development and Sustainable Security Post-COVID-19
Introduction
Relative Regional Importance of the Western Hemisphere
Future Geopolitical Significance of the Western Hemisphere
Significance of the OAS to Future US Global Geopolitical and Governance Interests
Caribbean Multilateralism and the Mainstream Global Geopolitical Experience
An Alternative Caribbean Approach in the Future Geopolitical Environment
Conclusion
References
3 China’s Diplomatic Forays in the CARICOM-Caribbean Community in the Light of the Belt and Road Initiative
Introduction
China’s Diplomatic Forays in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
China’s Investment Profile in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
The Geopolitical and Security Implications of BRI in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
The Future of China’s CARICOM Diplomacy
Conclusion
References
Part II Security Threats in the Caribbean
4 Migration, Violent Extremism, and Gang Violence: A Case Study of Trinidad and Tobago
Introduction
Methodology
Outline of the Chapter
Reasons for the Migration of Venezuelans to Trinidad in the Twenty-First Century
Impact of Venezuelan Migration to Trinidad and Tobago
Venezuelan Migration and Crime in Trinidad
Venezuelan Migrants and Gang Violence in Trinidad and Tobago
Policy Responses to Venezuelan Migration by the T&T Government
Normal Policy Response
Regularization
Health Care
Labour Market Access
Different Policy Responses
Education
Political Inaction
Language Barriers
Radical Policy Response
Emerging Themes and Recommendations for Trinidad
The Way Forward
References
5 Trafficking in Persons in the CARICOM Region: A Contemporary Perspective
Introduction
The International Context
Human Trafficking and Globalisation
Trafficking in Persons in the Caribbean
Trinidad and Tobago
Suriname
Guyana
Recommendations for Caribbean Countries
References
Part III The Intersection of Diplomacy and Security
6 Responding to the COVID-19: Technology and Tertiary Education
Introduction
Scientific and Technological Knowledge and the COVID-19 Pandemic
The Emerging Higher Education Landscape in the COVID-19 Pandemic
UWI and Adapting to the COVID-19 Pandemic
The Way Forward
Conclusion
References
7 Health Diplomacy in the CARICOM Region
Introduction
CARICOM and Public Health Security Challenges in the Intermestic Era
The Globalization of Public Health
CARICOM and Its Health Challenges
Caricom
Priority Areas in Health in CARICOM
Communicable Diseases
Non-Communicable Diseases
Hospitals, Information Systems, and Healthcare Strengthening
Climate Change and Environmental Health
Evolution, Development, and Progress of Health Diplomacy in the Region
HIV/AIDS
Emerging Infectious Diseases and Other Communicable Diseases
Non-Communicable Diseases
Regional Policies and Plans
Global Policies and Plans
Priority Areas for CARICOM’s Health Diplomacy
Addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic
To Improve Caribbean Health Security
To Advance UHC and Health-Related SDGs
To Strengthen Global Health Partnerships
Strengthening Health Systems
Establishment of Centres of Excellence for Global Health Diplomacy
Conclusions and Recommendations
References
8 Threats to Caribbean Energy Security: The Search for Solutions
Introduction
Caribbean Energy Security: The Current Reality and the Potential in Oil and Gas Plays
Reality Check for the New Provinces
Renewable Energy (RE)
The Geopolitics of Oil in the Caribbean
The Geopolitics of RE in the Caribbean
Conclusion and Recommendations
References
Part IV Future Outlook for Security Management in the Caribbean
9 Infirmities of Will: Good Governance, Public Service Reform, and Democratic Legitimacy in the Caribbean
Introduction
Governance and State Control
Governability as Social Control
The Governability-Legitimacy-Accountability Nexus
On Good Governance
Good Governance as Development Policy
Public Service Reform in the Developing World: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
The Political Economy of Trinidad and Tobago
Weberian Model Transformations from Colonial Administration to Developmental State
Colonial Legacies
Colonial Bureaucratic Legacies
On Political Neutrality in a Divided Society: Legacies of Eric Williams
On Small Size and Personalism
Public Service Reform in Trinidad and Tobago
Structural Adjustment and NPM
The Political Mistrust of NPM’s Failure
Public Service from the Top-Down
Reform Failures in the Post-NPM Era
Lessons from Trinidad and Tobago
Democratic Legitimacy Concerns
Putting the People First
Building a Responsive Public Service
References
10 The Implementation Deficit in CARICOM: An Assessment
Introduction
Conceptual Approach
Policy Characteristics
Arenas of Conflict
Resource Requirements
Framework
The Model in Operation
Nature of the CARICOM Governance Structure and Implementation Process
Methodology
CARICOM: An Assessment of CSME Implementation at the Enactment Stage
Nature and Depth of CSME Commitments
Assessment of Commitments
Conclusion
Appendix 1
References
11 Contemporary Security Landscape
Introduction
Conceptual Context
Challenge Context
The Drugs Challenge
The Crime Challenge
The Terrorism Challenge
Countermeasures Context
Conclusion
References
Part V Conclusion and Recommendations
12 Conclusion
Index