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Mammalian methyl-binding proteins: What might they do?

✍ Scribed by Michael Joulie; Benoit Miotto; Pierre-Antoine Defossez

Book ID
101703945
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2010
Tongue
English
Weight
351 KB
Volume
32
Category
Article
ISSN
0265-9247

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

CpG islands (CGIs) are regions enriched in the dinucleotide CpG; they constitute the promoter of about 60% of mammalian genes. In cancer cells, some promoter‐associated CGIs become heavily methylated on cytosines, and the corresponding genes undergo stable transcriptional silencing. Hypermethylated CGIs attract methyl‐CpG‐binding proteins (MBPs), which have been shown to recruit chromatin modifiers and cause transcriptional repression. These observations have led to the prevalent model that methyl‐CpG‐binding proteins are promoter‐proximal transcriptional repressors. Recent discoveries challenge this idea and raise a number of questions. Here we discuss the following issues: what are other possible roles for the known MBPs? Why are these proteins not essential in mammals? Are there other MBPs left to discover? Could CpG methylation be nonessential?

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