Magnetic behaviour, once thought to be mature, has gained a new momentum as it is being expanded by contributions from molecular chemistry, materials sciences to solid state physics. The spectrum spans molecule-based - organic, inorganic, and hybrid - compounds, metallic materials as well as their oxides forming, for example, thin films, nanoparticles, nanowires. New phenomena are explored that open promising perspectives for commercially applied "smart" materials. As a depository of contemporary knowledge on key topics related to magnetism, this open series of volumes provides a much-needed comprehensive overview of this growing interdisciplinary field. The topical reviews are written by the foremost scientists in the area, and the trends and recent advances are explained in a clear and detailed manner with a focus on the correlations between electronic structure and magnetic properties. The balance between theory and experiment within this series will guide advanced students and specialists in evaluating experimental observations and will serve as a basis for the design of new magnetic materials. This is a unique reference work, indispensable for everyone concerned with the phenomena of magnetism!