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Magnesium used in bioabsorbable stents controls smooth muscle cell proliferation and stimulates endothelial cells in vitro

✍ Scribed by Katrin Sternberg; Matthias Gratz; Kathleen Koeck; Joerg Mostertz; Robert Begunk; Marian Loebler; Beatrice Semmling; Anne Seidlitz; Petra Hildebrandt; Georg Homuth; Niels Grabow; Conny Tuemmler; Werner Weitschies; Klaus-Peter Schmitz; Heyo K. Kroemer

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 2011
Tongue: English
Weight: 839 KB
Volume: 100B
Category: Article
ISSN: 1552-4973
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31918

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Magnesium‐based bioabsorbable cardiovascular stents have been developed to overcome limitations of permanent metallic stents, such as late stent thrombosis. During stent degradation, endothelial and smooth muscle cells will be exposed to locally high magnesium concentrations with yet unknown physiological consequences. Here, we investigated the effects of elevated magnesium concentrations on human coronary artery endothelial and smooth muscle cell (HCAEC, HCASMC) growth and gene expression. In the course of 24 h after incubation with magnesium chloride solutions (1 or 10 m__M__) intracellular magnesium level in HCASMC raised from 0.55 ± 0.25 m__M__ (1 m__M__) to 1.38 ± 0.95 m__M__ (10 m__M__), while no increase was detected in HCAEC. Accordingly, a DNA microarray‐based study identified 69 magnesium regulated transcripts in HCAEC, but 2172 magnesium regulated transcripts in HCASMC. Notably, a significant regulation of various growth factors and extracellular matrix components was observed. In contrast, viability and proliferation of HCAEC were increased at concentrations of up to 25 m__M__ magnesium chloride, while in HCASMC viability and proliferation appeared to be unaffected. Taken together, our data indicate that magnesium halts smooth muscle cell proliferation and stimulates endothelial cell proliferation, which might translate into a beneficial effect in the setting of stent associated vascular injury. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.

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