Loss of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase gamma subunit due to intronic mutation in GNPTG causes mucolipidosis type III gamma: Implications for molecular and cellular diagnostics

✍ Scribed by Sandra Pohl; Marisa Encarnacão; Monica Castrichini; Sven Müller-Loennies; Nicole Muschol; Thomas Braulke

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 346 KB
• Volume: 152A
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 1552-4825
• DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33170

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Mucolipidosis type III gamma (MLIII, pseudo‐Hurler polydystrophy) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder where the activity of the multimeric GlcNAc‐1–phosphotransferase is reduced and formation of the mannose 6‐phosphate (M6P) recognition marker on lysosomal enzymes is impaired. In this disease, the targeting of lysosomal enzymes is affected resulting in their hypersecretion, and an intracellular deficiency of multiple hydrolases. We report the biochemical and molecular diagnosis of MLIII in three siblings, aged 17, 15, and 14 years, who presented with joint pain and progressive joint stiffness. In addition to missorting of newly synthesized lysosomal protease cathepsin D, there were low levels of M6P‐containing proteins in cell extracts and media of cultured fibroblasts of the Patients. Direct sequencing identified a novel homozygous mutation in intron 7, IVS7‐10G>A, of the GNPTG gene, which encodes the γ‐subunit of the GlcNAc‐1–phosphotransferase. This mutation created a cryptic 3′‐splice site resulting in a frameshift and premature translational termination (p.V176GfsX18). The GNPTG mRNA levels were markedly reduced in Patients' fibroblasts indicating that the intronic mutation mediates mRNA decay, which was confirmed by absence of the γ‐subunit protein. These data contribute to an efficient diagnostic strategy to identify Patients with MLIII gamma and characterize their biochemical defect in fibroblasts. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.