LLMs and Generative AI for Healthcare

✍ Scribed by Kerrie Holley and Manish Mathur

• Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 220
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Large language models (LLMs) and generative AI are rapidly changing the healthcare industry. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthcare by improving the efficiency, accuracy, and personalization of care. This practical book shows healthcare leaders, researchers, data scientists, and AI engineers the potential of LLMs and generative AI today and in the future, using storytelling and illustrative use cases in healthcare.

✦ Table of Contents

Introduction
Why We Wrote This Book
Who This Book Is For
How This Book Is Organized
Chapter 1: Doctor’s Black Bag
Chapter 2: Peeking Inside the AI Black Box
Chapter 3: Beyond White Coats
Chapter 4: LLM and Generative AI’s Patient and Clinical Potential
Chapter 5: LLMs in Pharmaceutical R&D, Public Health, and Beyond
Chapter 6: Steering the Helm for Ethical Use of LLMs
Chapter 7: Objects Are Closer Than They Appear
O’Reilly Online Learning
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
Kerrie Holley
Manish Mathur
Kerrie and Manish
1. Doctor’s Black Bag
Potential of LLMs and Generative AI
Promise and Possibilities of LLMs in Healthcare
Medical Swiss Army Knife App for Consumers
Medical Sherpa App for Clinicians
LLMs’ Emerging Features
Infinite Context Prompts
Agentic Reasoning
The four patterns of agentic reasoning
Challenges and future directions
Context of Use When Using LLMs
Consumer and Business LLMs
Consumer LLMs and Generative AI
Business LLMs and Generative AI
Bridging the Divide
Purposes and goals
Data training
Regulatory landscape
Ethics and bias
Summary
2. Peeking Inside the AI Black Box
LLMs and Generative AI
AI and Machine Learning
Detecting a Tumor with Deep Learning
Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision
The Anatomy of an LLM
Transformers
Tokens
Attention
Parameters
LLM and Generative AI Potential
Art of Building LLMs
Retrieval Augmented Generation
Conceptualization
Data Selection and Curation
Model Architecture and Design
Prompt Engineering
Refinement and Feedback
Integration with Apps
Summary
3. Beyond White Coats
Current State of Automation in Healthcare
The Promise of LLMs in Healthcare
Historical Use of Machine Learning
Using LLMs and Generative AI for Healthcare Automation
Unlocking Medical Secrets: How LLMs Revolutionize Drug Discovery
Beyond the X-ray: LLMs see what we miss
EHRs evolved: LLMs rewrite healthcare documentation
Unlocking medical gold: LLMs mine texts for hidden gems
Automating and Managing Healthcare
AI Healthcare Assistant
Automating Administrative Tasks from a Healthcare System Perspective
Coding and Billing
Clinical Processes
Optimizing Healthcare Workflows
Transforming the Clinical Trial Landscape
Summary
4. LLM and Generative AI’s Patient and Clinical Potential
Patient Experience
Health Bot Concierge
Doctor’s Notes and Visits
Health Plan Wizard
Black Maternal Health
Medication Reminder
Oral Health
Symptom Checker
Clinical Decision Support
Clinical Insight Bot
AI Curbside Physician
Remote Patient Monitoring
Digital Twin
Doctor Letter Generation
Health Equity
Prior Authorization
Summary
5. LLMs in Pharmaceutical R&D, Public Health, and Beyond
Pharma Research and Development
Drug Discovery
Literature Review
Clinical Trial Recruitment
Pharmaceutical Commercial
Public Health
Disease Surveillance
Health Education and Promotion
Mental Health
Disaster Preparedness and Response
Genomics
Summary
6. Steering the Helm for Ethical Use of LLMs
AI as a Force for Good: Improving Healthcare
Ethical Implications of LLMs
Fabricated Reality
Impersonation and Fraud
Deep Fakes
Personalized Persuasion
Bias Amplification
Insidious Influence at Scale
Automated Hacking
Prompt Injection Attacks
Addressing Foreseeable Use Cases
Monitoring LLM Behavior
Security and Privacy
Federated Learning
Differential Privacy
Prompt Sanitization and Filtering
Homomorphic Encryption
Explainable AI
AI and the Paper Clip Problem
Policy Development
Summary
7. Objects Are Closer Than They Appear
Future Prospects and Challenges in LLMs
Infinite Prompts
Contextual history
Longitudinal patient monitoring
Medical reasoning
Personalized health coaching
Improved research
Agentic Reasoning
Domain specialization
Patient-centered interactions
Predictive health monitoring
AGI
Whispers of Tomorrow: Five Predictions
AI Calls the Shots
Medi-Sphere Personalized Orb
Health Avatar: Personal AI Health Assistant
Virtual Nurse Avatar
The Rise of AI/LLM-Driven Applications
Summary
Index