## Abstract We report a 67βyearβold patient with idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC). He presented with progressive cognitive impairment, frontal lobe dysfunction, mild leg spasticity, and levodopa (Lβdopa)βresponsive parkinsonism. Transcranial sonography (TCS) revealed marked hyperechoge
Lipofuscin distribution in the basal ganglia
β Scribed by Rudolf Altschul
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1943
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 1024 KB
- Volume
- 78
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0021-9967
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
The term wear-and-tear " pigment characterizes any special substance that is found in aging cells and increases slowly but steadily with age. The term is used without distinction whether the pigment is found in heart muscle, in suprarenal cortex, or in nerve cells and neuroglia. Yet in each of these different sites the pigment differs in its composition and nature from that found elsewhere-thus the wear-and-tear pigment of heart muscle consists mainly, if not completely, of hemofuscin, while the yellow pigment of nerve cells and neuroglia contains no hemofuscin or at any rate none can be demonstrated by the stain most commonly used, Mallory's basic fuchsin (Connor, '28). On the contraryi it is generally assumed that the lipofuscin of nerve tissue contains melanin or some closely related substance.
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An autoimmune-mediated mechanism involving molecular mimicry has been proposed for a variety of pediatric movement disorders that occur after a streptococcal infection. In this study, anti-basal ganglia antibodies (ABGA) were measured in 15 children with the diagnosis of pediatric autoimmune neurops
Four organizational levels of the basal ganglia that could be particularly determinant in terms of functional properties are reviewed: (1) macroscopic anatomy, which is characterized by a dramatic decrease of cerebral tissue volume from the cerebral cortex to the deepest portions of the basal gangli