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Linguistic Perspectives on Language and Education

✍ Scribed by Anita K. Barry


Publisher
Praeger
Year
2002
Tongue
English
Leaves
279
Category
Library

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✦ Synopsis


Language issues are intrinsically part of every classroom setting. Therefore, there is a need to present the linguistic perspective to all teachers and teachers-in-training. This perspective assumes that a complex system is learned by children at an early age with little conscious instruction. It recognizes that languages change over time and that variation, based on region, ethnic identity, gender, social class, and social context, is inherent to language. Focusing more on the practical than the theoretical, Barry aims to engage teachers and education students in discussion of the relevance of linguistics to teaching and to encourage them to bring their own expertise to the discussion.Based on the research of scholars in linguistics and related disciplines, Barry's volume helps teachers synthesize some of the foundations of classic linguistic study with important, current findings. She starts by acquainting the reader with fundamentals of linguistics, then she moves on to discussions of teaching grammar and the history of English orthography. An entire chapter is devoted to the process of child language acquisition and another to the obstacles that some people face when attempting to learn a language. The work concludes with pieces on language policies and language literacy. Group exercises and suggested projects are included to facilitate the exchange between linguistics and education. The book is a must for those interested in the fundamental role of language in education.

✦ Table of Contents


Cover......Page 1
Linguistic Perspectives on Language and Education......Page 4
Contents......Page 8
Acknowledgments......Page 12
WHY SHOULD TEACHERS STUDY LINGUISTICS?......Page 13
WHAT IS THE LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE?......Page 15
WHAT IS LINGUISTICS?......Page 16
WHAT DO LINGUISTS DO?......Page 17
Exercise 3......Page 18
GOALS OF THE BOOK......Page 20
Exercise 2......Page 21
Exercise 4......Page 22
FURTHER READING......Page 23
Exercise 1......Page 25
CONSONANTS......Page 26
Exercise 2......Page 27
Exercise 3......Page 28
Exercise 5......Page 29
Exercise 6......Page 30
Exercise 7......Page 32
Exercise 8......Page 33
Exercise 9......Page 34
Exercise 10......Page 35
APPROXIMANTS......Page 36
PHONETIC SPELLING AND THE ENGLISH ALPHABET......Page 37
Exercise 1......Page 38
Exercise 3......Page 39
Exercise 4......Page 40
Exercise 6......Page 41
Exercise 7......Page 42
Exercise 10......Page 43
Exercise 12......Page 44
FURTHER READING......Page 45
PHONOLOGY......Page 47
Exercise 1......Page 48
Exercise 2......Page 49
Exercise 3......Page 50
Exercise 4......Page 51
Exercise 5......Page 52
Exercise 6......Page 53
MORPHOLOGY......Page 54
Exercise 8......Page 55
Exercise 9......Page 57
Exercise 10......Page 58
Exercise 12......Page 59
Exercise 1......Page 60
Exercise 5......Page 61
Exercise 7......Page 62
Exercise 10......Page 63
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 64
FURTHER READING......Page 65
Exercise 1......Page 67
Exercise 3......Page 68
CONSTITUENT STRUCTURE......Page 69
Exercise 5......Page 70
OTHER SYNTACTIC KNOWLEDGE......Page 71
Exercise 8......Page 72
Exercise 9......Page 73
TRADITIONAL GRAMMAR......Page 74
GRAMMAR TEACHING REVISITED......Page 78
Exercise 12......Page 80
TEACHING USAGE......Page 81
Exercise 14......Page 83
Exercise 1......Page 85
Exercise 3......Page 86
Exercise 7......Page 87
Exercise 9......Page 88
Exercise 10......Page 89
Exercise 13......Page 90
Exercise 14......Page 91
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 92
FURTHER READING......Page 94
Exercise 1......Page 95
Exercise 2......Page 96
Exercise 4......Page 97
HISTORY OF ENGLISH: INTRODUCTION......Page 98
Exercise 7......Page 100
MIDDLE ENGLISH......Page 101
MODERN ENGLISH......Page 102
MECHANISMS OF CHANGE: VOCABULARY......Page 103
Exercise 10......Page 104
MECHANISMS OF CHANGE: PHONOLOGY......Page 105
Exercise 11......Page 106
MECHANISMS OF CHANGE: MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX......Page 107
Exercise 13......Page 108
REGIONAL VARIATION: INTRODUCTION......Page 109
Exercise 14......Page 110
REGIONAL VARIATION: EXAMPLES......Page 111
Exercise 15......Page 112
SOCIOLINGUISTIC VARIATION: INTRODUCTION......Page 113
African American Vernacular English......Page 115
Exercise 18......Page 116
Exercise 19......Page 117
ATTITUDES TOWARD DIALECT DIFFERENCES......Page 119
LANGUAGE AND GENDER......Page 120
Exercise 1......Page 122
Exercise 4......Page 123
Exercise 9......Page 124
Exercise 11......Page 125
Exercise 14......Page 126
Exercise 17......Page 127
Exercise 20......Page 128
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 129
FURTHER READING......Page 130
Exercise 1......Page 133
Exercise 2......Page 134
Exercise 3......Page 135
Exercise 4......Page 136
Exercise 5......Page 137
Exercise 6......Page 138
TEACHING ENGLISH SPELLING: WHAT ARE WE TEACHING?......Page 139
Exercise 8......Page 140
Exercise 9......Page 141
Exercise 10......Page 142
SPELLING REFORM......Page 143
Exercise 11......Page 144
OTHER WRITING CONVENTIONS......Page 145
READING......Page 146
Exercise 13......Page 148
Exercise 3......Page 149
Exercise 7......Page 150
Exercise 10......Page 151
Exercise 12......Page 152
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 153
FURTHER READING......Page 154
INTRODUCTION......Page 155
Disambiguating Ambiguity......Page 156
Exercise 2......Page 157
Discourse Function......Page 158
Exercise 3......Page 159
Exercise 4......Page 160
CONVERSATIONAL APPROPRIATENESS......Page 162
Exercise 6......Page 163
Exercise 7......Page 165
Exercise 8......Page 166
LANGUAGE CHOICES AND SOCIAL APPROPRIATENESS......Page 167
Exercise 10......Page 168
Exercise 11......Page 170
Exercise 2......Page 171
Exercise 5......Page 172
Exercise 6......Page 173
Exercise 9......Page 174
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 175
FURTHER READING......Page 177
INTRODUCTION......Page 179
BASIC ASSUMPTIONS......Page 180
Exercise 1......Page 181
Before First Words......Page 182
First Words: Holophrastic Speech......Page 183
Exercise 3......Page 184
Multiple Word Utterances: The Idea of Syntax......Page 185
Grammatical Morphemes: Fleshing Out the Telegram......Page 186
Exercise 5......Page 187
Later Development: Sounding Like an Adult......Page 188
Exercise 6......Page 189
LEARNING STRATEGIES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES......Page 191
ACQUISITION THEORY: HOW DO CHILDREN DO IT?......Page 192
BRAIN STRUCTURE: WHERE DO OUR LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS RESIDE?......Page 194
THE ROLE OF OTHERS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING......Page 195
Exercise 9......Page 197
Exercise 1......Page 198
Exercise 3......Page 199
Exercise 6......Page 200
Exercise 7......Page 201
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 202
FURTHER READING......Page 203
INTRODUCTION......Page 205
HEARING IMPAIRMENT......Page 206
Exercise 1......Page 208
Exercise 2......Page 210
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT......Page 211
Exercise 5......Page 213
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT......Page 214
SOME THEORETICAL QUESTIONS......Page 216
What Is the Relationship between Language and Cognition?......Page 217
What Is the Relationship between Language and Speech?......Page 218
Is There a Critical Age for Language Acquisition?......Page 219
Exercise 1......Page 220
Exercise 4......Page 221
Exercise 7......Page 222
FURTHER READING......Page 223
INTRODUCTION: LANGUAGE PLANNING AND POLICY AROUND THE WORLD......Page 225
CHOOSING A NATIONAL LANGUAGE......Page 226
DOMINANT VERSUS MINORITY LANGUAGES......Page 229
RESPONSES TO MINORITY DIALECTS OF ENGLISH IN THE UNITED STATES......Page 231
EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND MINORITY DIALECTS......Page 233
Exercise 5......Page 235
Exercise 6......Page 237
THE ENGLISH-ONLY MOVEMENT......Page 239
Exercise 2......Page 242
Exercise 4......Page 243
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 244
FURTHER READING......Page 245
INTRODUCTION: WHAT DO WE MEAN BY β€œLITERACY”?......Page 247
COMPONENTS OF LITERACY......Page 248
Exercise 2......Page 249
THE BEGINNINGS OF READING AND WRITING......Page 250
Exercise 3......Page 251
Exercise 4......Page 252
DECONTEXTUALIZED LANGUAGE......Page 255
Exercise 5......Page 256
CONSTRUCTION OF DISCOURSE......Page 257
METALANGUAGE: BECOMING AWARE OF LANGUAGE......Page 258
Exercise 6......Page 259
Exercise 4......Page 261
SUGGESTED PROJECTS......Page 262
FURTHER READING......Page 263
Glossary......Page 265
About the Author......Page 279


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