✍ Scribed by Man-Sung Yim; François Caron
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
With its long half-life (5730 years) and high mobility in the environment, 14 C is a radionuclide of considerable interest in nuclear power production. Carbon-14 is present in virtually all parts of nuclear reactor primary system and has a high production rate. It is released to the environment through gaseous and liquid discharges and though the disposal of solid radioactive waste. This paper summarizes existing scientific understanding of 14 C issues surrounding nuclear power production. Two main purposes of the paper are: (1) To provide the basic/up-to-date understanding of the life cycle of 14 C, starting from its production in reactors, to eventually its transport and its potential incorporation in natural cycles; (2) To present the technical issues in current 14 C waste management. The emphasis of the paper is on Light Water Reactors (LWRs, which include Pressured Water Reactors-PWRs, and Boiling Water Reactors-BWRs) and Heavy Water Reactors (HWRs-CANDU type reactors). Major issues with 14 C in HTGR are also addressed.
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