✦ LIBER ✦

Lesions outside the CNS in Parkinson's disease

✍ Scribed by Ruth Djaldetti; Nirit Lev; Eldad Melamed

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 2009
Tongue: English
Weight: 90 KB
Volume: 24
Category: Article
ISSN: 0885-3185
DOI: 10.1002/mds.22172

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is not a simple movement disorder induced just by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Apparently, the substantia nigra is not the only or the first brain region damaged in PD. Moreover, older and recent studies have shown that the degenerative process in PD is much more extensive and affects not only the central nervous system (CNS) but also the peripheral autonomic nervous system and the organs outside the brain that the latter innervates. These include mainly the gastrointestinal tract, the heart, kidneys, urogenital system, and skin. Additional extra‐CNS organs that are involved in PD include the eye and the adrenal gland. This article reviews the anatomical, physiological, and clinical features of extracerebral manifestations of PD, and describes their relevance to the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. It establishes this illness as a systemic CNS and peripheral disorder that warrants new hypotheses regarding its causation and progression. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society

📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES

Prevalence of Alzheimer lesions in Parki

Prevalence of Alzheimer lesions in Parkinson's disease

✍ Kurt A. Jellinger 📂 Article 📅 2003 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 109 KB 👁 1 views

Skin cancers and precancerous lesions in

Skin cancers and precancerous lesions in Parkinson's disease patients

✍ Joaquim Ferreira; João Maia Silva; Rita Freire; João Pignatelli; Leonor Correia 📂 Article 📅 2007 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 104 KB 👁 1 views

## Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of neoplastic and preneoplastic skin lesions in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients when compared with an aged‐matched population. We performed a cross‐sectional survey in PD patients and in an age‐matched control group. Patients and controls we

Visual symptoms in Parkinson's disease a

Visual symptoms in Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia

✍ Neil K. Archibald; Mike P. Clarke; Urs P. Mosimann; David J. Burn 📂 Article 📅 2011 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 132 KB

## Abstract Visual symptoms are common in PD and PD dementia and include difficulty reading, double vision, illusions, feelings of presence and passage, and complex visual hallucinations. Despite the established prognostic implications of complex visual hallucinations, the interaction between cogni

Acute CNS white matter lesions in patien

Acute CNS white matter lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

✍ Lonneke M.L. de Lau; Juna M. de Vries; C. Janneke van der Woude; Ernst J. Kuiper 📂 Article 📅 2009 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 137 KB 👁 1 views

## Background: Neurological manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease supposedly are rare, although the exact frequency is not known. most previous reports involve cerebral venous thrombosis, central nervous system vasculitis, or peripheral nerve inflammation. ## Methods: Two cas

Which clinical sign of Parkinson's disea

Which clinical sign of Parkinson's disease best reflects the nigrostriatal lesion?

✍ Francois J. G. Vingerhoets; Michael Schulzer; Donald B. Calne; Dr Barry J. Snow 📂 Article 📅 1997 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 651 KB

Deprenyl in Parkinson's disease

✍ Amos D Korczyn; Puiu Nisipeanu 📂 Article 📅 1996 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 193 KB 👁 2 views