This Volume Contains Papers Presented At The Eighteenth Annual Conference On Learning Theory (previously Known As The Conference On Computational Learning Theory) Held In Bertinoro, Italy From June 27 To 30, 2005. The Technical Program Contained 45 Papers Selected From 120 Submissions, 3 Open Problems Selected From Among 5 Contributed, And 2 Invited Lectures. The Invited Lectures Were Given By Sergiu Hart On βuncoupled Dynamics And Nash Equilibriumβ, And By Satinder Singh On βrethinking State, Action, And Reward In Reinforcement Learningβ. These Papers Were Not Included In This Volume. The Mark Fulk Award Is Presented Annually For The Best Paper Co-authored By A Student. The Student Selected This Year Was Hadi Salmasian For The Paper Titled βthe Spectral Method For General Mixture Modelsβ Co-authored With Ravindran Kannan And Santosh Vempala. The Number Of Papers Submitted To Colt This Year Was Exceptionally High. In Addition To The Classical Colt Topics, We Found An Increase In The Number Of Submissions Related To Novel Classi?cation Scenarios Such As Ranking. This - Crease Re?ects A Healthy Shift Towards More Structured Classi?cation Problems, Which Are Becoming Increasingly Relevant To Practitioners.