Lecture notes. Clinical biochemistry

✍ Scribed by Crane, Mike; Pattenden, Rebecca; Rae, Peter

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2018
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 456
• Edition: Tenth edition
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Clinical Biochemistry Lecture Notespresents the fundamental science behind common biochemical investigations used in clinical practice. Taking a system-based approach, it explores the underlying physiological rationale for tests, with each test explained within the context of disruption by disease. It also explores the value and limitations of biochemical investigations, while helping readers to quickly develop the knowledge and skills required to select the appropriate investigations for diagnosis and management, and to correctly interpret test results. Case studies throughout chapters place the information within a clinical context to further assist readers in the development of test-selection and interpretation skills.

Key features include:


A comprehensive, yet concise overview of the science behind common biochemical investigations Helps readers rapidly acquire a fully integrated, practical understanding of biochemical diagnostics Full-colour flowcharts and algorithms detailing the rationale for tests, the biochemical processes involved, and test procedures, for quick comprehension and reference More clinical cases demonstrating application to practice Now in its tenth edition, this classic introductory, reference, and revision text is indispensable to medical students, and all those who want to quickly acquire a practical understanding of the scientific principles underpinning biochemical tests and a working knowledge of test selection, test procedures, and the interpretation of results within a clinical context.

✦ Table of Contents

Title Page......Page 5
Copyright Page......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Preface to the Eighth Edition......Page 9
Preface to the First Edition......Page 11
Part 1 Clinical Examination......Page 13
Effective consultation......Page 15
Special circumstances......Page 18
Assessment of communication skills......Page 19
Reference......Page 20
Face......Page 21
Legs......Page 22
Notes......Page 23
Arterial pulses......Page 25
Jugular venous pressure and pulse (Table 3.2; Fig. 3.1)......Page 26
Heart......Page 28
Notes......Page 29
Examination......Page 35
Notes......Page 37
Blood gases......Page 38
Interpretation of blood gases......Page 39
Pulmonary function tests......Page 41
Examination of the abdomen......Page 45
Notes......Page 47
Ascites......Page 48
Dysphagia......Page 49
Diarrhoea......Page 51
Jaundice......Page 52
Renal disease......Page 54
Mental state and higher cerebral function......Page 57
Cranial nerves......Page 59
The limbs......Page 62
Notes......Page 68
Patterns of sensory loss in the limbs......Page 72
Abnormalities of coordination......Page 73
Tremors......Page 74
Hands......Page 77
Skin......Page 78
Legs......Page 79
Notes......Page 80
Examination......Page 83
Notes......Page 84
Chapter 9 Assessment......Page 89
Standard setting......Page 90
Assessment of clinical competence......Page 91
Part 2 Clinical Medicine......Page 97
Ischaemic heart disease......Page 99
Myocardial infarction......Page 101
Arrhythmias......Page 112
Heart failure......Page 115
Hypertension......Page 119
Hypertension in relation to other conditions......Page 123
Valvular heart disease......Page 124
Atrial septal defect (ASD)......Page 128
Patent ductus arteriosus......Page 129
Fallot’s tetralogy......Page 130
Infective endocarditis......Page 131
Acute pericarditis......Page 133
Dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy......Page 134
Acute obstruction......Page 135
Reference......Page 136
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)......Page 137
Asthma......Page 139
Acute on chronic respiratory failure......Page 140
Acute anaphylaxis......Page 141
Pneumonia......Page 142
Lung abscess......Page 143
Pneumothorax......Page 144
Cystic fibrosis......Page 145
Lung cancer......Page 146
Bronchial adenoma......Page 147
Sarcoidosis......Page 148
Tuberculosis......Page 150
Occupational lung diseases......Page 152
Pulmonary embolism......Page 153
Adult respiratory distress syndrome......Page 155
Gastric and duodenal ulceration......Page 157
Hiatus hernia and gastro-oesophageal reflux......Page 158
Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease)......Page 159
Endocrine tumours of the gut......Page 162
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage......Page 163
Steatorrhoea and malabsorption......Page 165
Irritable bowel syndrome......Page 168
Pancreas......Page 169
Gall bladder......Page 171
Viral hepatitis......Page 173
Alcoholic hepatitis......Page 177
Cirrhosis......Page 178
Hepatocellular failure......Page 179
Portal hypertension......Page 180
Rare cirrhoses......Page 181
Drug jaundice......Page 182
Urinary tract infection......Page 183
Chronic interstitial nephritis......Page 184
Proteinuria......Page 185
Haematuria......Page 186
Acute kidney injury......Page 187
Chronic kidney disease......Page 190
Glomerulonephritis......Page 195
Membranous nephropathy......Page 196
Minimal-change nephropathy......Page 197
Renal lesion......Page 198
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis......Page 199
Fluid and electrolytes......Page 200
Metabolic acidosis......Page 201
Hypomagnesaemia......Page 202
Uric acid......Page 203
Primary headache syndromes......Page 205
Secondary causes of headache......Page 207
Epilepsy......Page 208
Stroke......Page 212
Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)......Page 215
Extracerebral haemorrhage......Page 217
Dementia......Page 218
Motor neurone disease......Page 224
Parkinson’s disease and other extrapyramidal disorders......Page 226
Disorders of the spinal cord (Table 15.6)......Page 229
Peripheral nerve disorders......Page 232
Disorders of the neuromuscular junction......Page 234
Disorders of muscles......Page 235
Neurological infections......Page 236
Head injury and the Glasgow Coma Scale......Page 245
Thyroid......Page 247
Pituitary......Page 253
Adrenal......Page 262
Diabetes mellitus......Page 269
Diabetic emergencies......Page 279
Long-term diabetic complications......Page 283
Other complications......Page 286
Diabetes and pregnancy......Page 287
Other important information for patients with diabetes......Page 289
Dyslipidaemia......Page 290
Obesity......Page 294
Vitamin deficiencies......Page 296
Anorexia nervosa......Page 297
Porphyria......Page 298
Metabolic bone disease......Page 301
Hypercalcaemia......Page 306
Hyperparathyroidism......Page 308
Hypocalcaemia......Page 310
Hypoparathyroidism......Page 312
Osteoarthritis (OA)......Page 313
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)......Page 314
The spondyloarthropathies (SpA)......Page 322
Autoimmune rheumatic disorders (connective tissue diseases)......Page 326
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies......Page 335
Vasculitides......Page 336
Large-vessel vasculitis......Page 337
Takayasu’s arteritis (‘pulseless disease’)......Page 339
Medium-sized vessel vasculitis......Page 340
Small-vessel vasculitides......Page 341
Non-AAV small-vessel vasculitides......Page 343
Other vasculitides......Page 344
Crystal arthropathies......Page 345
Miscellaneous inflammatory rheumatological disorders......Page 349
Miscellaneous non-inflammatory rheumatological disorders......Page 352
Psoriasis......Page 357
Eczema/dermatitis......Page 360
Acne vulgaris......Page 361
Hidradenitis suppurativa......Page 365
Cutaneous drug reactions......Page 366
Skin manifestations of systemic disease......Page 375
Bullous disorders......Page 378
Disorders of the hair and nails......Page 380
Normocytic anaemia......Page 387
Macrocytic anaemia......Page 388
Anaemia......Page 389
Haemolytic anaemia (Table 20.3)......Page 393
Marrow disorders......Page 395
Bleeding disorders......Page 397
Lymphoma......Page 399
Myeloma......Page 400
Imported diseases......Page 403
Influenza......Page 410
Human immunodeficiency virus infection......Page 411
Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)......Page 414
Chronic fatigue syndrome......Page 415
Clinical presentation......Page 417
Management......Page 424
Carbon monoxide poisoning......Page 425
Index......Page 429
EULA......Page 456