Latin American Viticulture Adaptation to Climate Change: Perspectives and Challenges of Viticulture Facing up Global Warming

✍ Scribed by Gastón Gutiérrez Gamboa (editor), Mercedes Fourment (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 246
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Latin American viticulture faces a wide range of difficulties that include social, political, economic, and productive aspects. Soil diversity, together with the climates in which the viticulture activity takes place, favours the production of grapes, juices, raisins, musts, wines, and distillates with unique and distinctive characters for the world. In addition, the great genetic diversity that covers autochthonous and minor grapevine varieties, including unknown genotypes, opens a wide range of research opportunities for the adaptation of the viticulture to the negative effects of global warming, favouring sustainability and social equity.

This book compiles the research about the new viticultural trends performed in diverse regions from Latin America such as Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Dominican Republic, Haiti and Uruguay, covering different topics in viticulture of global importance. This book addresses the impacts of soil and climatic conditions and viticultural practices on vine physiology, berry quality and wine typicity, including topics related to social sciences and agricultural economics. This will allow to provide a relevant discussion for future guidelines in viticulture under a territorial development perspective.

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
Chapter 1: Opening Remarks and General Overview of the Current Scientific Scenario of Latin American Vitiviniculture: A Critical View
1.1 Background of the Current Science Scenario of the Latino American Vitiviniculture
1.2 Latino American Vitiviniculture
1.2.1 Argentinian Vitiviniculture
1.2.2 Brazilian Vitiviniculture
1.2.3 Bolivian Vitiviniculture
1.2.4 Chilean Vitiviniculture
1.2.5 Uruguayan Vitiviniculture
1.2.6 Caribbean Vitiviniculture
1.3 Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 2: The History of Winemaking in Latin America and New Trends: Identity, Market, and Consumption
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Material and Methods
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Colonial Paradigm: Traditional Viticulture (Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Centuries)
2.3.2 Mestizo Viticulture Landscape: Between Wine and Chicha
2.3.3 French Wine Paradigm. Introduction of Modern European Strains and Change of Productive Paradigm (Nineteenth to Twentieth Centuries)
2.3.4 Anglo-Saxon Paradigm: Modern Industry and the Survival of Mestizo Viticulture (Twentieth to Twenty-first Centuries)
2.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3: Sustainability of Latin American Viticultural Firms. Sustainability Frameworks Development in a Context of Global Challenges
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Latin American Role in the Global Wine Industry
3.2.1 Surface
3.2.2 Production and Exports
3.3 Sustainability in the Wine Industry. A Global Overview
3.4 Latin American Sustainability in Viticultural Firms
3.4.1 National Code of Sustainability for the Chilean Wine Industry
3.4.2 Vitivinícola Sustainability Self-Assessment Protocol: Argentina
3.4.3 Integrated Grape Production for Processing
3.5 Challenges and Opportunities
3.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Tropical Viticulture in Brazil: São Francisco Valley as an Important Supplier of Table Grapes to the World Market
4.1 The Brazilian Vitiviniculture
4.2 Tropical Viticulture in the Brazilian Semiarid Region
4.3 Climate, Soil, and Vegetation Characterization in the Brazilian Semiarid Region
4.4 Table Grape Cultivars
4.5 Production Systems
4.6 Final Considerations
References
Chapter 5: Heavy Metal Stress Response in Plants and Their Adaptation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sources and Excess of Heavy Metals in Environments
5.3 Excess of Heavy Metals and Morphological and Anatomical Changes in Roots
5.4 Aspects of the Excess Heavy Metals in Mineral Nutrition
5.5 Excess of Heavy Metals and Changes in Physiological and Biochemical Variables
5.5.1 Excessive Content of Metals in the Plant on Photosynthetic Characteristics
5.5.2 Changes in Growth Caused by the Excess of Metals
5.5.3 Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic Antioxidant System Under Metal Stress
5.6 Adaptation Strategies of Species to Excess Heavy Metals
5.6.1 Mechanisms to Prevent Heavy Metal Uptake and Translocation
5.6.2 Metabolic Mechanisms
5.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 6: The Cradle of Chilean Wine Industry? The Vitiviniculture of the Pica Oasis
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Groundwater Used for Vine Irrigation in Pica Vitiviniculture
6.3 Soil Physicochemical Conditions of Pica Vitiviniculture
6.4 Climatic Conditions in Pica
6.5 The Vitiviniculture of Pica
6.6 Technical Conclusions
6.7 Socioeconomic Considerations
References
Chapter 7: Recovering the Asoleado: A Heritage of the Rainfed of Maule Valley
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Materials and Methodology
7.3 Results and Discussion
7.3.1 Historical Overview
7.3.2 Current State of “Asoleado” Production and Its Producers
7.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Terroir and Typicity Evolution of Different Uruguayan Wine Regions
8.1 The Concept of Terroir: A Systemic, Dynamic and Constantly Evolving Concept
8.2 Methodology for Studying the Different Components of the Terroir
8.2.1 Climate as a Component of Terroir
8.2.2 Soil as a Component of Terroir
8.2.3 Man as a Component of the Terroir: Winegrowers, Agronomists, Oenologists and Consumers
8.2.4 The Retailer and the Consumer Are Other Components of Terroir
References
Chapter 9: Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability for Viticulturists in Uruguay
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Climate Change Impacts in Uruguay
9.3 Climate Impact in the Uruguayan Vineyards: Vulnerability
9.3.1 Vulnerability Definition and Its Components
9.3.2 Perception of Climate Change for Viticulturists in Uruguay
9.4 Adaptation Strategies to Face Climate Change and Variability
9.5 Perspectives
References
Chapter 10: Climate Change Adaptations of Argentine Viticulture
10.1 Observed and Projected Climatic Evolution in the Region
10.2 Adaptation Strategies
10.2.1 Vineyard Location: Exploring New Wine Regions
10.2.2 Plant Material
10.2.3 Vineyard Design
10.2.3.1 Row Orientation
10.2.3.2 Training System
10.2.4 Canopy Management Practices to Delay Phenology
10.2.4.1 Late Pruning
10.2.4.2 Forcing Buds and Double Cropping
10.2.5 Strategies to Decrease Temperature
10.2.5.1 Shade Nets
10.2.5.2 Agrivoltaism: Production of Grapes and Energy from Renewable Sources
10.2.5.3 Water Sprinkling (Evaporative Cooling)
10.2.6 Limiting the Source: Sink Ratio to Balance Berry Maturity and Delay Harvest
10.2.6.1 “Apical” Leaf Removal
10.2.6.2 Severe Shoot Trimming
10.2.7 Some Enological Alternatives
10.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11: Autochthonous Grapevine Varieties From Argentina
11.1 General Overview
11.2 A Brief History of Grapevine in America
11.3 Genetic Diversity Within Argentinian Varieties
11.3.1 Crossings Between Muscat of Alexandria and Listán Prieto
11.3.2 Crossing With Other Varieties
11.3.3 Crossings With Malbec
11.3.4 Importance of Ancient Vineyards as Genetic Reservoirs
11.4 Agronomic and Oenological Potential of Criollas Varieties
11.5 Diversity of Listan Prieto Clones (Syn. Criolla Chica) From Different Regions
11.6 Varietal Potential for Sparkling Wine Production
11.7 Perspectives and Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Impact of Climate Change on Argentine Viticulture: As It Moves South, What May Be the Effect of Wind?
12.1 Introduction
12.2 The Effect of Wind on Plants
12.2.1 The Effect of Wind on Grapevine
12.3 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
Chapter 13: Growing Vines in the Mapuche Heartland: The First Report About the Vitiviniculture of the Araucanía Region
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Productive Characterization of Viticulturists in the Araucanía Region
13.3 Geomorphology of Soils of the Araucanía Vitiviniculture
13.3.1 Geology of the Araucanía Soils
13.3.2 Soil Parent Materials of the Araucanía Vitiviniculture
13.3.2.1 Soil Physical Parameters of the Araucanía Vitiviniculture
13.3.2.2 Soil Chemical Parameters of the Araucanía Vitiviniculture
13.4 Climatic Conditions in the Araucanía Region
13.4.1 Meteorological, Bioclimatic, and Risk Indices
13.4.2 Trends in the Meteorological, Bioclimatic and Risk Indices
13.5 Trends in Reference Evapotranspiration in the Araucanía Region
13.6 Phenology of Grapevine Varieties Growing in Cautín Valley
13.7 Proposal Guidelines
References
Chapter 14: Heroic Viticulture in Itata Valley, Chile: Characteristics and Challenges for the Development of Unique Wines in Southern Chilean Vineyards
14.1 Characteristics of the Heroic Viticulture of the Itata Valley
14.2 Challenges of the Heroic Itata Valley
14.3 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15: Concluding Remarks and Future Directions of Latino America Vitiviniculture
15.1 Overview of the Book’s Content
15.2 Future Directions
15.3 Concluding Remarks
References
Index