Key Issues in Corrections

✍ Scribed by Jeffrey Ian Ross

• Publisher: Policy Press
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 362
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Key Issues in Corrections critically analyzes the most important challenges affecting the correctional system in the USA, offering a no-nonsense explanation of the problems of correctional officers, correctional managers, prisoners, and the public.

✦ Table of Contents

KEY ISSUES IN CORRECTIONS
Contents
List of exhibit boxes
About the author
Acknowledgements
Foreword
Preface
A brief description
Background to both first and second editions
The need for a second edition of SPIC
New title
Content of Key Issues in Corrections
Ancillary pedagogy
Market
Introduction
How to determine the most important challenges facing corrections in the United States
Reflexive statement
How to identify the problems
Solutions to problems
Part 1. Laying the groundwork
1. What is corrections, and what are its problems?
Relevant statistics
Why has this occurred?
What has been the response?
Crime and corrections as social problems
A short history of corrections in the United States
Current goals of incarceration
2. Misrepresenting corrections
The importance of mythmaking about crime, criminal justice, and corrections
What are the myths?
How are the myths created?
What are the effects of crime myths concerning corrections?
Who perpetrates the myths?
Why are myths about corrections successful?
The contribution of cultural industries
Solutions
Part II. Challenges for convicts and correctional facilities
3. Misuse of jails
Functions of jails
Experiencing jail
Solving the problem
Economic sanctions
Diversion
Pre-trial release
Bail
Probation
Conclusion
4. Underfunding
Growth in correctional spending
Revenue enhancement
Legal challenges
The privatization of prisons as a solution
Contracting
Conclusion
5. Prison conditions
Health conditions
Poor food
Physical violence
Violence by convicts against themselves
Violence by convicts against other prisoners and correctional personnel
The solutions
Correctional officer violence
Passive aggressive behavior
Gangs
Sexual assault
Supermax prisons as a solution to prison violence
Prison litigation
Conclusion
6. Classification/risk assessment
FBOP prisoner classification
The problems with classification
Solutions
Conclusion
7. Special populations
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ) inmates
Mentally ill inmates
The graying prison population
HIV/AIDS
Women
Conclusion
8. Rehabilitation
The current state of rehabilitation
Vocational training
Education
Solutions
Faith-based programming
Therapy in prison
Boot camps
Second Chance Acts
The Second Chance Act of 200710
Conclusion
9. Overburdened community corrections system1
The emergence of prisoner re-entry as a new policy concern
The problems
Solutions
Addressing the privatization of community corrections
Conclusion
10. Crowding/overcrowding
Causes
Solutions
Other ways to get out of prison
NIMBY
Conclusion
11. Death penalty
Arguments for and against the death penalty
A general history of the death penalty
A history of the death penalty in the United States
Death penalty in other countries
Conclusion
Part III. Challenges for correctional officers and administrators
12. Hiring standards, requirements, practices, and training
Number of correctional officers in the United States
Demographics
Getting hired
Age restrictions: problems and solutions
Educational requirements: problems and solutions
Pay: problems and solutions
Availability of jobs: problems and solutions
Training: problems and solutions
Conclusion
13. Working conditions
The problems
Solutions
Burnout
Stress
Solutions to burnout and stress
Conclusion
14. Correctional officer deviance
The scholarly literature on CO deviance
Types of CO deviance
Types of solutions to CO deviance
Categories of solutions
In-service
Continuous (that is, starts in preservice and continues during in-service)
Conclusion
15. Officer pay and workload
Correctional officers’ work in transition
Conclusion
16. Management and administration
The problems
Solutions
Conclusion
17. Privatization of corrections
Crime control industry
Prison industrial complex
Advantages of privatization of correctional facilities
Disadvantages of privatization of correctional facilities
The shift to privatization of community corrections
Conclusion
18. Future of corrections
Pessimism or optimism?
The pessimistic scenario examined
The optimistic scenario examined
Changes in drug policy and drug laws
Future challenges
Solutions for dealing with current challenges
Conclusion
References
Index
Untitled