Kenzan Method for Scaffold-Free Biofabrication

✍ Scribed by Koichi Nakayama (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 186
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This is the first book about the “Kenzan” method for scaffold-free biofabrication, which does not rely on biomaterials as scaffolds to ensure correct multicellular spheroid positioning for building three dimensional construct only made from cells. The book explains the basic principles and concepts of the microneedle-based (“Kenzan”) method of building surgically-implantable tissue constructs using robotic cell spheroid-based three-dimensional bioprinting, a novel technology that opens up unique opportunities for the bioengineering of tissues and organs.

• First book on the novel Kenzan method of tissue engineering;
• Explains basic concepts and applications for organ regeneration modeling;
• Introduces a unique robotic system for scaffold-free cell construction.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Development of a Scaffold-Free 3D Biofabrication System “Kenzan Method”
1 Introduction
2 Spheroids (Cell Aggregates) and the Mold Method
3 External Fixation
4 The Idea of Automating the Capture, Skewering, and Placement of Spheroids
References
Position of the Kenzan Method in the Space-Time of Tissue Engineering
1 The Kenzan Method and Bioprinting
2 The Kenzan Method and the “Scaffold’ Debate
3 The Kenzan Method and the Biological Space–Time
4 The Kenzan Method in Virtual Space
5 Emerging Applications of the Kenzan Method
6 Conclusions
References
Development of the Bio 3D Printer “Regenova®,” the Robotic System
1 Introduction
1.1 The First Encounter with Dr. Nakayama
1.2 Base Technology
1.3 SPHEROID BUILDER-1 (SB-1)
1.4 Regenova
2 Overview of Regenova (Bio 3D Printer)
2.1 Device Components
Positioning Unit
Well Plate Feeding Unit
Clean Unit
Control Unit
2.2 Overview of Operations
3 Required Function
3.1 Handling of Spheroids
3.2 Stable Picking Up of Spheroids
3.3 High-Precision Position Control by Image Processing
3.4 Positioning of Spheroids
Positioning Robot Operational Speed
Pressure Control after Positioning
Gapless Positioning
3.5 Modeling of Flexible Structures
4 Cell Construct Manufacturing Systems for Clinical Applications
4.1 Cell Culture Isolator
4.2 Spheroid Manufacturing Equipment
4.3 Bio 3D Printer
4.4 Incubator
5 Conclusion
Development of a Compact Bio 3D Printer, “S-PIKE®”
1 Introduction
2 Contamination Control Technology
2.1 Prevention
2.2 Elimination
2.3 Protection
3 Productivity Enhancement in Bio 3D Printing
3.1 Detection and Inspection of Spheroids
3.2 Collecting and Arranging Spheroids on Needles
3.3 Arrangement of Spheroids in 3D Space
4 Future Prospects
References
Scaffold-Free Biofabrication for Articular Cartilage (and Subchondral Bone)
1 Introduction
2 Osteochondral Regeneration Using Scaffold-Free 3D Constructs Produced by the “Mold” Method
2.1 Rabbit Osteochondral Regeneration with Autologous BM-MSCs
2.2 Swine Osteochondral Regeneration with Autologous AT-MSCs
2.3 Rabbit Osteochondral Regeneration with Allogenic AT-MSCs
2.4 Scaffold-Free 3D Constructs Produced Using the “Mold” Method
3 Osteochondral Regeneration with Scaffold-Free 3D Constructs Produced by the “Kenzan” Method
3.1 Swine Osteochondral Regeneration with Autologous AT-MSCs
3.2 Scaffold-Free 3D Constructs Produced Using the “Kenzan” Method
4 Conclusion
References
Scaffold-Free Biofabrication of Liver
1 Introduction
2 Human Liver Tissue Model
3 Clinical Applications of Liver Tissue Models for Regenerative Medicine
3.1 Liver Disorder
3.2 Hepatocyte Transplantation
3.3 Liver Tissue Model Transplant
4 Liver Tissue Engineering Using the “Kenzan” Method
5 Future Expectation
References
Artificial Trachea: Past, Present, and Future
1 Introduction
2 Anatomy and Function of the Airway
3 Diseases
4 Conventional Treatment
5 Regeneration and Replacement of Trachea: From Past to Present
5.1 Autologous Tissue
5.2 Synthetic Materials
5.3 Prosthesis
5.4 Allograft
5.5 Aortic Allografts
5.6 Tracheal Transplantation
5.7 Tracheal Allograft
5.8 Tissue Engineering
6 Bio-3D-Printed Trachea
7 Future Perspectives
References
Cardiac Tissue Creation with the Kenzan Method
1 Introduction
2 Biomaterial-Dependent Creation of 3D Cardiovascular Tissue
3 Biomaterial-Free Creation of 3D Cardiovascular Tissue
3.1 Spheroids for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering
3.2 The Kenzan Method
3.3 Future Directions for the Kenzan Method
4 Conclusion
References
Scaffold-Free Autologous Cell-Based Vascular Graft for Clinical Application
1 Introduction
2 Problems of Synthetic Vascular Prostheses Made of Artificial Materials
3 Cell-Based Small-Caliber Vascular Graft Using Kenzan Method Bio-3D Printers
4 For Clinical Application
5 Conclusion
References
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Bio 3D Nerve Conduits
1 Background
2 Peripheral Nerve Repair and Regeneration
3 Nerve Grafting
4 Artificial Nerve Conduits
5 Allogeneic Nerve Transplant
6 Nerve Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
7 Bio 3D Nerve Conduit
8 Conclusion
References
Regeneration of the Diaphragm
1 Introduction
2 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
3 Tissue Engineering of the Diaphragm
4 Regeneration of the Diaphragm with a Bio-3D Cellular Patch
References
Bio-3D Printed Organs as Drug Testing Tools
1 Introduction
1.1 Current Status of Drug Development
1.2 Development of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
1.3 Drug Response Using Cellular Constructs Fabricated by Tissue Engineering
Two-Dimensional (2D) Culture
Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering
1.4 Bio-3D Printer Technology
2 Spheroid and Organoid
2.1 Spheroids and Organoids for Drug Discovery Research
2.2 Hepatic Spheroids and Organoids
2.3 Cardiac Spheroids
2.4 Nephron Organoids
2.5 Brain Organoids
2.6 Small Intestinal Organoids
3 Bio-3D Printing Using Spheroids or Organoids
3.1 Fabrication of Functional Tissue Constructs In Vitro
3.2 Current Challenges and Future Prospects of Fabricating Constructs by Organoids
References
Biomaterial-Related Surgical Site Infection: Anti-infectious Metal Coating on Biomaterials
1 Introduction
2 History of Implant-Related Infections
3 Pathogenic Bacteria of SSI and Route of Infection
4 SSI Case Presentations
5 Inorganic Antibacterial Materials as Innovative Preventive Measures Against SSI
5.1 Bactericidal Effects of a Thin TiO2 Film Against S. aureus [22]
5.2 Effects on Preventing Pin Site Infection for External Fixation [25]
6 The Risk of SSI in Regenerative Medicine
7 Check Points
References
Index