This book contains papers contributed to the IUTAM Symposium on Transformation Problems in Composite and Active Materials which was held in Cairo, Egypt in March 1997. The chapters address uncoupled and coupled transformation problems in composite and smart materials and their structures. The book is organized into six sections covering the following subjects: inelastic behaviour of composite materials, shape memory effects, functionally graded materials, transformation problems in composite structures, adaptive structures, and elasticity issues. Although the field of composite materials has seen substantial development in the past two decades, new composite systems are continually being developed for various applications. Among such systems are metal, intermetallic, and superalloy matrix composites, carbon-carbon composites, and polymer matrix composites. The field of smart materials, on the other hand, is relatively new, but has also seen important developments recently. These two seemingly different fields have often been addressed in separate books, journals, and technical meetings. The present book realizes and addresses the similarities of the uncoupled and coupled transformation fields involved in both composite and smart materials. Outstanding researchers from the different groups active in mechanics of composite and smart materials have contributed papers which explore the common aspects of these materials and new directions in micromechanics research in both areas. Researchers active in the areas of mechanics of composite and smart materials will find this book very useful in addressing recent developments in these areas.