IP, Ethernet and MPLS Networks

✍ Scribed by Andre Perez(auth.)

• Publisher: Wiley-ISTE
• Year: 2011
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 276
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book summarizes the key Quality of Service technologies deployed in telecommunications networks: Ethernet, IP, and MPLS. The QoS of the network is made up of two parts: fault and resource management.

Network operation quality is among the functions to be fulfilled in order to offer QoS to the end user. It is characterized by four parameters: packet loss, delay, jitter or the variation of delay over time, and availability. Resource management employs mechanisms that enable the first three parameters to be guaranteed or optimized. Fault management aims to ensure continuity of service.

Content:
Chapter 1 Network Operation (pages 1–26): Andre Perez
Chapter 2 Characterizing Quality of Service (pages 27–50): Andre Perez
Chapter 3 Transport Protocols (pages 51–76): Andre Perez
Chapter 4 Implementing Operation Quality (pages 77–100): Andre Perez
Chapter 5 IP Technology – Resource Management (pages 101–126): Andre Perez
Chapter 6 IP Technology – Fault Management (pages 127–152): Andre Perez
Chapter 7 MPLS Technology – Resource Management (pages 153–176): Andre Perez
Chapter 8 MPLS Technology – Fault Management (pages 177–202): Andre Perez
Chapter 9 Ethernet Technology – Resource Management (pages 203–226): Andre Perez
Chapter 10 Ethernet Technology – Fault Management (pages 227–250): Andre Perez

✦ Table of Contents

Title Page......Page 2
Copyright
......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 9
1.1.1. Layered structure......Page 12
1.1.2. LANs......Page 14
1.1.3. WANs networks......Page 16
1.1.4. Protocol architecture......Page 17
1.1.5. Addressing principles......Page 19
1.2.1. Routing......Page 20
1.2.2. The IPv4 protocol......Page 21
1.2.3. The IPv6 protocol......Page 23
1.3.1. Label switching
......Page 25
1.3.2. Tables in the LSR......Page 26
1.3.4. The format of the MPLS header......Page 27
1.3.5. Encapsulation of a labeled packet......Page 29
1.4. The ICMP......Page 30
1.5.1. The physical layer......Page 33
1.5.2. The data link layer......Page 35
2.1. Quality of service functions......Page 37
2.2.1. Availability......Page 39
2.2.2. Admissibility......Page 42
2.2.3. Loss ratio......Page 43
2.2.6. Classes of service......Page 44
2.2.7. Bandwidth......Page 45
2.3.1. Voice
......Page 46
2.3.2. Video......Page 51
2.3.3. Application and control data......Page 53
2.4. The service contract......Page 54
2.4.1. The “Enterprise? section......Page 56
2.4.2. The “Service? section......Page 57
2.4.3. The “Technology? section......Page 58
2.4.4. The Quality of Service report......Page 60
3.1. Introduction......Page 61
3.2.1. Format of the TCP header......Page 62
3.2.2. Initiating and closing a connection......Page 64
3.2.3. Data transfer......Page 65
3.2.4. The slow start and congestion avoidance mechanisms......Page 66
3.2.5. The fast retransmit and fast recovery mechanisms......Page 67
3.2.6. The ECN mechanism......Page 68
3.3. The UDP......Page 69
3.4. The RTP......Page 70
3.4.1. Format of the RTP header......Page 71
3.5. The RTCP......Page 72
3.5.1. Format of the SR message......Page 73
3.6. The DCCP......Page 75
3.6.1. DCCP procedure......Page 76
3.6.3. Format of the DCCP header......Page 77
3.6.4. Options......Page 79
3.7. The SCTP......Page 80
3.7.1. Format of the SCTP header......Page 81
3.7.2. Association......Page 82
3.7.3. Data transfer......Page 83
4.2. Implementation of resource management......Page 86
4.2.1. Relative QoS......Page 87
4.2.2. Guaranteed QoS......Page 88
4.2.3. Resource reservation scenarios......Page 89
4.2.4. Mechanisms associated with the user plane......Page 92
4.2.6. Link optimization mechanisms......Page 101
4.3.1. Network reconfiguration
......Page 105
4.3.2. Fault detection......Page 106
4.3.3. Equipment reconfiguration......Page 107
5.1. Introduction......Page 110
5.2.1. The DSCP field......Page 111
5.2.2. The DiffServ architecture......Page 115
5.3.1. Principles of resource reservation
......Page 118
5.3.2. The RSVP......Page 119
5.4.1. Principles of aggregation
......Page 132
5.4.2. The ARSVP procedure......Page 133
6.1. Introduction......Page 135
6.2.1. Operating principles
......Page 136
6.2.2. Format of the HSRP message......Page 137
6.2.3. Load balancing......Page 139
6.3.2. Format of the VRRP message......Page 140
6.4.1. Operating principles
......Page 142
6.4.2. Format of the OSPF message......Page 143
6.4.3. Restarting the OSPF protocol......Page 147
6.5.1. Operating principles
......Page 152
6.5.2. Format of the BGP message......Page 153
6.5.3. Path attributes......Page 155
6.5.4. Route selection......Page 156
6.5.5. BGP restart......Page 157
7.1. Introduction......Page 160
7.3.1. Operating principles
......Page 161
7.2.2. Interaction between markings......Page 163
7.3. Traffic engineering
......Page 165
7.3.2. The RSVP-TE protocol......Page 167
7.3.3. OSPF-TE protocol......Page 181
8.1. Introduction......Page 184
8.2.1. Operating principles
......Page 185
8.2.2. Format of the LDP PDU......Page 187
8.2.3. The LDP messages......Page 189
8.2.4. Restarting the LDP......Page 192
8.3.1. Failure detection
......Page 196
8.3.2. Restarting the RSVP-TE protocol......Page 197
8.4.1. Operating principles
......Page 200
8.4.2. Extensions of the RSVP-TE protocol......Page 202
8.4.3. Procedure of the FRR mechanism......Page 206
9.1. Introduction......Page 209
9.2. Priority management......Page 210
9.3.1. The bandwidth manager
......Page 213
9.3.2. The SBM protocol......Page 215
9.4. Flow control......Page 222
9.5. The access network......Page 223
9.5.1. Architecture of the PON......Page 224
9.5.2. Priority management in EPON......Page 226
9.5.3. Priority management in GPON......Page 227
9.6. The aggregation network......Page 230
10.1. Introduction......Page 232
10.2.1. Operating principles
......Page 233
10.2.2. Format of the BPDU message......Page 234
10.2.3. Procedure of the STP......Page 236
10.3.1. Operating principles
......Page 238
10.3.2. Format of the BPDU message......Page 239
10.3.3. Procedure of the RSTP......Page 240
10.4.1. Operating principles
......Page 242
10.4.2. Format of the BPDU message......Page 243
10.4.3. Procedure of the MSTP......Page 245
10.5.1. Operating principles
......Page 247
10.5.2. The LACP message......Page 248
10.5.3. The Marker protocol......Page 250
10.6.1. Operating principles
......Page 251
10.6.2. The APS protocol......Page 253
Conclusion......Page 256
Bibliography......Page 259
Abbreviations......Page 263
Index......Page 269