Introduction to Psychoanalysis: Contemporary Theory and Practice

✍ Scribed by Anthony W. Bateman, Jeremy Holmes, Elizabeth Allison

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 361
• Edition: 2
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

What is psychoanalysis? Is it relevant to today’s mental health crisis? How can psychoanalysis help people suffering from psychological distress and illness? This vital new book examines how psychoanalysis has changed since its inception, and how it has adapted to the needs and concerns of 21st-century mental health professionals and patients.

The first part of this book provides a concise and unbiased account of the origins of psychoanalysis, and the theories which characterise the main post-Freudian schools – neo-Freudian, Kleinian, interpersonal, self-psychological, Lacanian – and the ways in which they agree and diverge. The second part uses clinical illustrations to examine the practicalities of psychoanalytic technique in the consulting room – assessment, free association, dream analysis, transference, and counter-transference. Whatever their allegiance or role, mental health professionals – psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, child mental health professionals, mental health nurses – need to be conversant with the strengths, relevance, and limitations of the psychoanalytic approach.

This book provides an indispensable, up-to-date, and accessible account of psychoanalysis today. Shaped throughout by considering the viewpoint of an interested 21st-century reader, it is of great interest to psychoanalysts and related mental health professionals, as well as students and all those interested in the treatment of mental health.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Endorsements
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface to the First Edition
References
Preface to the Second Edition
References
Part I: Theory
Chapter 1: Introduction: history and controversy
Introduction
History of the psychoanalytic movement
1885-1897: the "pre-analytic" phase
1897-1908: psychoanalysis proper; Freud's wilderness years
1907/1908-1920: the beginnings of the psychoanalytic movement
1920 to Freud's death in 1939
Psychoanalysis in Britain
Psychoanalysis in the Americas
Psychoanalysis in Continental Europe
Psychoanalysis in Africa
Psychoanalysis in Asia
Current psychoanalytic dilemmas and controversies
Psychoanalysis versus psychoanalytic psychotherapies
One psychoanalysis or many?
The scientific status of psychoanalysis
Neuropsychoanalysis
How does psychoanalysis cure?
Training
Psychoanalytic values
References
Chapter 2: Models of the mind
The unconscious
The unconscious as a "thing in itself"
The unconscious as reservoir of latent meaning
The mystery of the unconscious
Past unconscious and present unconscious
Freud's models
The affect-trauma model
The topographical model
The "two principles"
Unconscious and preconscious
Instinct theory
Limitations of the topographical model
Structural theory
Id
Superego
Ego
Conflict and adaptation
Post-Freudian models
Ego psychology
The Klein-Bion model
The Kleinian "positions"
Phantasies and drives
Bion and containment
Object relations theory
Object seeking
The representational world
Transitional space
Hate
The interpersonal model
Self-psychology
Necessary narcissism
Attachment theory
Conclusions
References
Chapter 3: Origins of the internal world
"Stages" versus phases
The origins of internal objects
The nature of memory
The "clinical" infant and the "observed" infant
Two-person phase: defence or deficit?
The early weeks of life: "autism" or symbiosis
The Klein-Kernberg model of early infancy
Interpersonal models of early infancy
Separation-individuation
The Oedipal or three-person phase
The Kleinian perspective on Oedipus
The Lacanian perspective
Feminism and Oedipus
The reality of the modern family
Summary
Adolescence
Adulthood
Mourning
Marriage and adult couple relationships
Maturation
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Mechanisms of defence
The concept of defence
Coping mechanisms
History
Repression - a fundamental defence
Anna Freud
Melanie Klein
Summary
Primitive mechanisms
Splitting
Projection, identification, and projective identification
Neurotic mechanisms
Denial and disavowal
Reaction formation; identification with the aggressor
Isolation and undoing
Internalisation and incorporation
Intellectualisation and rationalisation
Mature mechanisms
Research
References
Chapter 5: Transference and countertransference
Transference
Transference interpretation: classical and modern
Distortion or reality?
General or specific?
All or part?
Special forms of transference
"Self-object" transferences
Psychotic transference
Erotic transference
Countertransference
Countertransference, empathy, and projective identification
Definitions of countertransference
Summary and conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Dreams, symbols, and the psychoanalytic imagination
Freud's model
Post-Freudian psychoanalytic views of dreaming
Dreams and modern neuroscience
Dreams and the language of the unconscious
Symbolism and the creative imagination
Play
References
Part II: Practice
Chapter 7: The assessment interview
Conducting the assessment interview
Introduction and preliminaries
Opening moves
The presenting problem and its antecedents
The interview plan
The interview as a psychodynamic "probe"
Therapeutic interventions: the "trial interpretation"
Options, decision, contract
The psychodynamic formulation
Diagnostic schemes in psychoanalysis
Selecting patients for psychoanalysis
References
Chapter 8: The therapeutic relationship
The therapeutic contract
The couch
The setting
Length of session
Free association
The "rule of abstinence"
The treatment process
The analyst's role
Mutative ingredients
Regression
Resistance
Repression resistance
Transference resistance
Superego resistance
The spectrum of therapeutic interventions
Interpretation
The Malan/Menninger triangles
The "mutative interpretation"
Analyst-centred and patient-centred interpretations
Non-interpretive interjections
Insight and working through
Termination
References
Chapter 9: Clinical dilemmas
Problems concerning the analytic process
Lateness
Breaks
Impasse
Enactment: acting in
Physical contact
The patient's family
Enactment: acting out
Suicide
Special groups
Analysis in adolescence
Analysis with older patients
Patients on psychotropic medication
Money
References
Chapter 10: Psychoanalysis and mental health practice
Psychotic processes
The psychopathology of schizophrenia
Kleinian views
Affect
Cognition
Relationships
Defences
The ego in psychosis
Therapeutic strategies
Borderline processes
Conflict models of borderline
Narcissistic personality disorder
Deficit models
Therapeutic strategies
The complex patient: hospital treatment in borderline personality disorder
Affective processes
Anxiety
Superego anxiety
Castration anxiety
Separation anxiety
Persecutory anxiety and disintegration anxiety
Treatment
Depression
Treatment
Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Research in psychoanalysis
Methodology
Psychotherapy research and psychoanalysis
The effectiveness of psychotherapy
The placebo problem in psychotherapy research
Therapist and patient contributions to psychotherapy outcomes
Immediate and long-term outcomes of psychoanalysis
Can meaning be quantified?
Transference interpretation as clinical technique
Effectiveness of psychoanalysis
Adaptations of psychoanalysis
Mentalisation-based treatment
Transference-focused psychotherapy
Single-case studies
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: The future of psychoanalysis: challenges and opportunities
Teleanalysis
Sexuality and gender
Race and culture
References
Index