Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Experiments

✍ Scribed by Genichiro Wakabayashi, Takahiro Yamada, Tomohiro Endo, Cheol Ho Pyeon

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 175
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This open access book is a pedagogical text on nuclear reactor experiments, covering almost all the experiments that can be carried out at the University Training Reactor, Kindai University (UTR-KINKI) with respect to reactor physics and radiation detection, and additionally including academic materials of test and research reactors, nuclear instrumentation, nuclear laws and regulations, in this main body. The book is an excellent primer for students who are interested in reactor physics, radiation detection, nuclear laws and regulations at universities, and the best textbook for students who have started to study the nuclear energy related fields to understand the basic theories and principles of the experiments in the fields of reactor physics and radiation detection.

UTR-KINKI has been used for educational reactor experiments and basic research in a wide range of fields related to the use of radiation (neutrons, gamma-ray, beta-ray, alpha-ray, and X-ray), including reactor physics, radiation detection, radiation health physics, activation analysis, radiation biology, medical applications and archaeology. Also, UTR-KINKI has been actively engaged in nuclear education with its long history of operation, and has gained extensive experience in educational activities for undergraduate and graduate students, elementary, junior high and high school teachers, junior high and high school students, and general audiences.

✦ Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface
Contents
1 Nuclear Reactor for University Education
1.1 Kindai University Reactor
1.1.1 Overview
1.1.2 History
1.1.3 Characteristics
1.1.4 Configuration
1.1.5 Nuclear Instrumentation
1.2 Characteristics of Neutrons in Nuclear Reactors
1.2.1 Neutron Flux
1.2.2 Cross Section
1.2.3 Reaction Rate
1.2.4 Reactions of Neutrons with Nuclei
1.2.5 Behavior of Neutrons
1.2.6 Prompt and Delayed Neutrons
1.2.7 Effective Multiplication Factor and Reactivity
1.2.8 Reactor Kinetics
1.3 Education on Operational Safety and Physical Protection of Nuclear Material
1.3.1 Overview
1.3.2 Radiological Safety in Nuclear Reactor Facilities
1.3.3 Precautions in Controlled Areas
1.3.4 Handling of Nuclear Fuel Materials
1.3.5 Actions of Emergency
1.4 Reactor Operation
1.4.1 Purpose
1.4.2 Reactor Control Console
1.4.3 Pre-Startup Inspection
1.4.4 Reactor Start-Up
1.4.5 Reactor Criticality and Power Change Operation
1.4.6 Discussion
References
2 Reactor Physics Experiments
2.1 Approach to Criticality Experiment
2.1.1 Purpose
2.1.2 Principle of Measurement
2.1.3 Method of Measurement
2.1.4 Procedure of Measurement
2.1.5 Discussion
2.2 Control Rod Calibration Experiment
2.2.1 Purpose
2.2.2 Structure of Control Rod
2.2.3 Method of Measurement
2.2.4 Discussion
2.3 Subcriticality Measurement Experiment
2.3.1 Neutron Source Multiplication Method
2.3.2 Source Jerk Method
2.3.3 Inverse Kinetics Method
2.3.4 Reactor Noise Analysis Method
References
3 Radiation Measurement and Application
3.1 Activation and Half-Life Measurement
3.1.1 Activation
3.1.2 Decay and Half-Life of Radioactivity
3.1.3 GM Counter Tube
3.1.4 Method of Measurement
3.1.5 Discussion
3.2 Thermal Neutron Flux Measurement
3.2.1 Introduction
3.2.2 Theory
3.2.3 Target Material
3.2.4 Measurement of Thermal Neutron Flux
3.2.5 Cadmium Filter Method
3.2.6 Experiment
3.3 Measurements of Neutron and γ-Ray Dose Rates
3.3.1 Production of Neutron and γ-Ray
3.3.2 Measuring Instruments and Principle of Measurement
3.3.3 Measurement
3.3.4 Discussion
3.4 Neutron Radiography
3.4.1 Introduction
3.4.2 Attenuation of X-rays and Neutrons in Matter
3.4.3 Imaging Plate
3.4.4 Neutron Radiography Facility
3.4.5 X-ray Generator
3.4.6 Experiment
3.4.7 Discussion
References
4 Test and Research Reactors in Japan
4.1 Overview
4.2 Characteristics
4.3 Classification
4.3.1 Classification by Utilization Purpose
4.3.2 Classification by Design
4.4 Applications
4.4.1 Education and Training
4.4.2 Beam Experiments
4.4.3 Material Irradiation
4.4.4 Isotope Production
4.4.5 Activation Analysis
4.4.6 Medical Irradiation
4.4.7 Silicon Doping
4.4.8 Others
References
5 Nuclear Instrumentation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nuclear Instrumentation
5.3 Neutron Detectors for Nuclear Instrumentation
5.3.1 BF-3 Proportional Counters
5.3.2 Boron-Lined Proportional Counters
5.3.3 Fission Counters
5.3.4 Ionization Chambers
5.4 Compositions of Nuclear Instrumentation
5.4.1 Startup Channel
5.4.2 Intermediate Channel
5.4.3 Power Channel
5.4.4 Safety Channel
Bibliography
6 General Aspects of Laws and Regulations Relating to Nuclear Energy in Japan
6.1 Legal System and Position of Laws and Regulations
6.2 Atomic Energy Basic Act
6.3 Act on the Regulation of Nuclear Reactors, etc.
6.4 Nuclear Security and Physical Protection
6.5 Safeguards
6.6 Act on the Regulation Radioisotopes, etc.
6.7 Ordinance on Prevention of Ionizing Radiation Hazards
6.8 Nuclear Disaster Prevention
References