Interleukin-1α and β in Growth Plate Cartilage Are Regulated by Vitamin D Metabolites In Vivo
✍ Scribed by D. D. Dean; Z. Schwartz; O. E. Muniz; C. H. Arsenis; B. D. Boyan; D. S. Howell
- Book ID
- 111485940
- Publisher
- American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
- Year
- 1997
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 859 KB
- Volume
- 12
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0884-0431
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## Abstract ## Objective Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) are potent anabolic factors in adult articular chondrocytes. In this study, we investigated whether intracellular inhibitors of BMP and TGFβ signaling, inhibitory Smad6 (I‐Smad6) and I‐Smad7, are expr