CHAPTER 1 β’ What Is βIntelligenceβ?
Why Have Intelligence Agencies?
What Is Intelligence About?
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 2 β’ The Development of U.S. Intelligence
Major Themes
Major Historical Developments
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 3 β’ The U.S. Intelligence Community
Alternative Ways of Looking at the Intelligence Community
The Many Different Intelligence Communities
Intelligence Community Relationships That Matter
The Intelligence Budget Process
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 4 β’ The Intelligence ProcessβA Macro Look: Who Does What for Whom?
Requirements
Collection
Processing and Exploitation
Analysis and Production
Dissemination and Consumption
Feedback
Thinking About the Intelligence Process
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 5 β’ Collection and the Collection Disciplines
Overarching Themes
Strengths and Weaknesses
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 6 β’ Analysis
Major Themes
Analytical Issues
Intelligence Analysis: An Assessment
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 7 β’ Counterintelligence
Internal Safeguards
External Indicators and Counterespionage
Problems in Counterintelligence
Leaks
Economic Espionage
National Security Letters
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 8 β’ Covert Action
The Decision-Making Process
The Range of Covert Actions
Issues in Covert Action
Assessing Covert Action
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 9 β’ The Role of the Policy Maker
The U.S. National Security Policy Process
Who Wants What?
The Intelligence Process: Policy and Intelligence
Key Term
Further Readings
CHAPTER 10 β’ Oversight and Accountability
Executive Oversight Issues
Congressional Oversight
Issues in Congressional Oversight
Internal Dynamics of Congressional Oversight
The Courts
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 11 β’ The Intelligence Agenda: Nation-States
The Primacy of the Soviet Issue
The Emphasis on Soviet Military Capabilities
The Emphasis on Statistical Intelligence
The βComfortβ of a Bilateral Relationship
Collapse of the Soviet Union
Intelligence and the Soviet Problem
The Current Nation-State Issue
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 12 β’ The Intelligence Agenda: Transnational Issues
U.S. National Security Policy and Intelligence After the Cold War
Intelligence and the New Priorities
Cyberspace
Terrorism
Proliferation
Narcotics
Economics
Demographics
Health and the Environment
Peacekeeping Operations
Support to the Military
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 13 β’ Ethical and Moral Issues in Intelligence
General Moral Questions
Issues Related to Collection and Covert Action
Analysis-Related Issues
Oversight-Related Issues
Whistle-Blowers
The Media
Conclusion
Further Readings
CHAPTER 14 β’ Intelligence Reform
The Purpose of Reform
Issues in Intelligence Reform
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Readings
CHAPTER 15 β’ Foreign Intelligence Services
Britain
China
France
Israel
Russia
Other Services
Other Services in Brief
Conclusion
Further Readings
Appendix 1. Additional Bibliographic Citations and Websites
Appendix 2. Major Intelligence Reviews or Proposals
Author Index
Subject Index