Inhalation toxicity of furfural vapours: An assessment of biochemical response in rat lungs

✍ Scribed by Ghanshyam D. Gupta; Anil Misra; Deepak K. Agarwal

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1991
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 398 KB
• Volume: 11
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0260-437X
• DOI: 10.1002/jat.2550110508

✦ Synopsis

The pulmonary biochemical response, particularly the effects on mixed-function oxidases, was investigated in rats exposed to 40 ppm furfural for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for periods of 7, 15 and 30 days. This concentration is ca. 22% of the acute LC50 dose. Exposure to furfural increased the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, inhibited the activities of arginase and succinic dehydrogenases and elevated the concentration of lactic acid in the lungs. In the group of mixed-function oxidases, the activities of aminopyrene-N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase (phase 1, cytochrome P-450b specific) significantly increased and the activity of Benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (phase I, cytochrome P-45Oc specific) decreased. The activity of glutathione-Stransferase (phase I1 component) also was increased concurrently with a decrease in the concentration of glutathione. The magnitude of biochemical alterations in most cases was related directly to the duration of exposure. Our observations indicate that furfural caused pulmonary irritation, parenchymal injury and the regenerative proliferation of type I1 pneumocytes. Selective (cellular and/or cytochrome P-450 isozyme specific) enhancement of pulmonary mixed-function oxidases by furfural appears to stimulate its own pulmonary biotransformation, and the excretion of oxidative metabolites was facilitated by their enzymatic conjugation with glutathione.