Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy. Principles and Applications

✍ Scribed by Hoffmann G.G,

• Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 443
• Series: De Gruyter STEM
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Quite a few excellent books about vibrational spectroscopy have already been published. So why write a new one? The last years have seen the birth of new techniques and, first of all, a wealth of new applications. Therefore, a lot of new users need an introduction to these techniques and applications, but, if they are new to vibrational spectroscopy, an introduction to the parent techniques as well.
Vibrational spectroscopies can detect and analyze vibrations in molecules. Mainly two different forms are used today: Infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
Vibrational spectroscopy is used by chemists to characterize their substances. If the spectra of substances are known, analytical chemists can use them to analyze a mixture of chemicals. Samples may be analyzed even with spatial resolution, on the microscopic as well as on the macroscopic scale.

"Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy" is intended for researchers or lecturers in Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Life Sciences, who are interested in the composition and properties of their samples. It describes how vibrational spectroscopy will enable them to examine thin layers, surfaces and interfaces, and also improve their knowledge about the properties of composites. Special chapters introduce VCD, ROA, and TERS.
The book can serve as a short introduction to vibrational spectroscopy too, so that students at the first graduate level will benefit from it as well.
Unravels composition and properties of samples.
Enables examining thin layers, surfaces and interfaces.
Provides even spatial resolution without precedent.
Analyzes even external pertubations on molecules and their alignment.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Also of interest
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Vibrational spectral libraries
Books and Reviews
2. History
A few historical papers
3. Theory
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Classical theory
3.3 Placzek’s theory
3.4 Ab initio calculation of vibrational spectra
3.5 Group theory
4. Instruments
4.1 Sources of radiation
4.1.1 Sunlight
4.1.2 Lasers
4.1.3 Nernst sticks and globars
4.1.4 Mercury-vapour lamp
4.2 Mono- and polychromators
4.3 Filters
4.4 Detectors
4.4.1 Photomultipliers
4.4.2 Semiconductor detectors
4.4.3 Array sensors
4.5 Sample arrangements
4.6 Types of instruments
4.7 State of the art in commercial spectrometers
4.7.1 Infrared spectrometers
4.7.1.1 Instruments for routine analysis
4.7.1.2 Instruments for research
4.7.1.3 NIR instruments
4.7.2 Raman spectrometers
4.7.2.1 Instruments for routine analysis and process control
4.7.2.2 Raman instruments for research
4.7.2.3 Raman imaging spectrometers and microscopes
4.7.2.4 Hand-held Raman Instruments
4.8 Wavenumber calibration of spectrometers
5. Vibrational spectroscopy of organic compounds
5.1 Aliphatic carbon compounds
5.1.1 Alkanes
5.1.1.1 Acyclic aliphatic compounds
5.1.1.2 Cycloalkanes
5.1.2 Haloalkanes
5.1.3 Alkenes
5.1.3.1 Monosubstituted alkenes
5.1.3.2 Disubstituted alkenes
5.1.3.3 1,1-Dialkyl alkenes
5.1.3.4 1,2-Cis-di-alkyl-substituted alkenes
5.1.3.5 1,2-Trans-di-alkyl substituted alkenes
5.1.3.6 Tri-alkyl-substituted alkenes
5.1.3.7 Tetrasubstituted alkenes
5.1.3.8 Allenes
5.1.4 Alkines
5.2 Oxygen-containing aliphatic compounds
5.2.1 Alcohols
5.2.2 Ethers
5.2.3 Acetals
5.2.4 Peroxides
5.2.5 Aldehydes and ketones
5.2.6 Carboxylic acids
5.2.7 Acid halides
5.2.8 Cyclic anhydrides
5.2.9 Esters
5.2.10 Lactones
5.3 Nitrogen-containing aliphatic compounds
5.3.1 Amines
5.3.2 Amides
5.3.3 Lactams
5.3.4 Nitroalkanes
5.3.5 Nitrates
5.3.6 Nitrites
5.3.7 Imines
5.3.8 Amidines
5.3.9 Oximes
5.3.10 Hydrazones
5.3.11 Azines
5.3.12 Azo compounds
5.3.13 Nitriles
5.3.14 Cyanides
5.3.15 Rhodanides
5.3.16 Azides
5.4 Sulfur-containing aliphatic compounds
5.4.1 Thiols
5.4.2 Sulfides
5.4.3 Disulfides
5.4.4 Polysulfides
5.4.5 Thiocarboxylic acids and derivatives
5.4.6 Thionyl compounds
5.4.7 Sulfonyl compounds
5.5 Benzene and its derivatives
5.5.1 Aromatic halogen compounds
5.5.2 Monosubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.3 Disubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.4 ortho-Disubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.5 meta-Disubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.6 para-Disubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.7 Trisubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.7.1 1,2,3-Trisubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.7.2 1,2,4-Trisubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.7.3 1,3,5-Trisubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.8 Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.8.1 1,2,3,4-Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.8.2 1,2,3,5-Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.8.3 1,2,4,5-Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.9 Pentasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.10 Hexasubstituted benzene derivatives
5.5.11 Naphthalenes
5.5.12 Anthracenes and phenanthrenes
5.5.13 Higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
5.6 Heterocycles
5.6.1 Three-membered rings
5.6.2 Four-membered rings
5.6.3 Five-membered rings
5.6.3.1 Pyrrolidine
5.6.3.2 Tetrahydrothiophene
5.6.3.3 Silacyclopentane
5.6.3.4 Germylcyclopentane
5.6.3.5 Selenacyclopentane
5.6.4 Six-membered rings
5.6.4.1 Pyridine
5.6.4.2 Triazine
5.6.4.3 Indole
6. Vibrational spectroscopy of natural products
6.1 Amino acids
6.2 Peptides
6.3 Proteins
6.4 Aromatic compounds
6.5 Alkaloids
6.5.1 Purine alkaloids
6.5.2 Isoquinoline alkaloids
6.5.3 Tropane alkaloids
6.6 Lipids
6.7 Steroids, terpenes, and terpenoids
6.8 Dyes
6.9 Carbohydrates
6.10 Nucleic acids and components
6.11 Vitamins
6.11.1 Vitamin A
6.11.2 The B vitamins
6.11.3 Vitamin C
6.11.4 Vitamin D
6.11.5 Vitamin E
6.11.6 Vitamin K
6.12 Antibiotics
6.13 Miscellaneous
6.14 Biological samples
7. Vibrational spectroscopy of inorganic compounds
7.1 Boron compounds
7.2 Inorganic carbon compounds
7.3 Phosphorus compounds
7.4 Silicon compounds
7.5 Sulfur compounds
7.6 Noble gas compounds
7.7 Halogen compounds
7.8 Inorganic anions and cations
7.9 Carbon allotropes
7.10 Binary metal and metal organic compounds
7.10.1 Binary metal compounds
7.10.2 Metal organic compounds
7.11 Radioactive samples
8. Near-infrared spectroscopy
9. Vibrational spectroscopy of gases
10. Time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy
11. Vibrational spectroscopy of crystals
12. Vibrational spectroscopy of polymers
12.1 Interpretation of polymer spectra
12.1.1 Hydrocarbon polymers
12.2 Rheo-optical spectroscopy of polymers
13. Matrix isolation spectroscopy
14. Nonlinear Raman spectroscopy
14.1 Stimulated Raman gain
14.2 Coherent anti-Stokes Raman
14.3 Coherent Stokes Raman
14.4 Resonance Raman spectroscopy
14.5 Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS)
14.6 Stimulated Raman spectroscopy
14.7 The hyper-Raman effect
15. Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS)
16. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
17. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and nano-IR
17.1 Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS)
17.1.1 Inorganic samples
17.1.2 Organic samples
17.1.3 Biochemical samples
17.2 Nano-IR
18. Vibrational optical activity (VOA)
18.1 Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD)
18.2 Raman optical activity (ROA)
19. Industrial applications of Raman spectroscopy
20. Forensic applications of vibrational spectroscopy
20.1 In situ crime scene analysis
20.2 Banknotes
20.3 Explosives
20.4 Illicit drugs
20.5 Counterfeit drugs
20.6 Bioagents
20.7 Art forgeries
20.8 Gemstones
21. Vibrational spectroscopy for the study of works of art and objects of cultural heritage
22. Medical applications of vibrational spectroscopy
Scope of this book
About the author
References
Author index
Compound index
Formula index
Subject index