✍ Scribed by Kenneth J. Gilhooly
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
Can problems be solved by setting them aside or by sleeping on them? Incubation, the process of stopping conscious work on problems for a set period of time, is an integral part of the creative problem solving process.
Providing an overview of the main issues, findings and implications of cognitive research on incubation effects in problem solving and creativity, this book argues that incubation is an effective strategy for tackling problems that do not yield to initial solution attempts. Gilhooly reasons that unconscious work is automatic and explores the underlying processes involved in incubation, providing evidence to showcase the major role of unconscious processing in problem solving. Incubation in Problem Solving and Creativity concludes with a discussion of the implications of unconscious work theory for enhanced problem solving, positioning incubation as an effective and important stage in creative problem solving.
This book is an invaluable resource for students and researchers of problem solving, creativity and thinking and reasoning as well as for students from all disciplines taking problem solving modules.
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
1 Problems, problem solving and creativity
Introduction: problems, problems, problems
Solving non-insight problems: forward search and hill-climbing
Problem reduction and means-ends analysis
Solving insight problems: re-structuring
Barriers to insight: set
Further barriers to insight: functional fixity
Comparing insight vs non-insight problems
Representational change theory
Working memory, insight and non-insight problem solving
Impasse → insight sequence: necessary or not?
Generic Parts Technique
Insight processes: conclusions
Creative problems
Creative problem solving: divergent thinking
Incubation?
2 Historical background to the “incubation” concept
Personal accounts
The Wallas model: background
Wallas’s stages of control
Wallas’s Five Stage model in detail
Incubation: validity of personal accounts?
Historical background: concluding comments
3 Early laboratory based studies of incubation
Delayed Incubation effects
Incubation literature reviews: narrative and meta-analytic
Delayed Incubation: post Sio and Ormerod (2007) studies
In conclusion
4 Broad theoretical approaches to incubation: empirical evidence
Introduction
Intermittent work: evidence
Fresh Look: evidence
Unconscious work: evidence
Mind-wandering and incubation
5 Unconscious work: theoretical discussion
The subliminal self hypothesis
The unconscious: yes, it can?
Unconscious combinations: blind variation, selective retention
Mechanisms for blind variation
Chater’s (2018) objections to unconscious work/processing hypothesis
Inspiration: how do solutions suddenly become conscious?
Semantic network modelling
Goal + Associative Network Interaction (GANI) model
6 Sleep on it?
Sleep and its stages
Personal accounts
Empirical studies of sleep effects on problem solving
Methodological notes
Sleep on it? Discussion and concluding comments
7 Overview and conclusions
Waking incubation
Sleep on it?
Waking and sleeping incubation in real life
Gaps for future research
References
Index
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