in 1956, a Masters from Temple University in 1960, and a Ph.D. from Florida State University in 1964. Howard is best known for the development of the first monoclonal antibody to bromo-and iododeoxyuridine. He published this finding in a single-authored paper in Science in 1982. At the time he was an Assistant Professor at the University of Miami School of Medicine. This work was the culmination of previous efforts, during which he and Bob Lief had previously developed polyclonal antibodies, which detected BrdU with variable specificity. Within two years of his development of a monoclonal antibody, collaborations between Howard and two other laboratories led to important advances. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, a flow cytometric assay for cell cycle analysis employing simultaneous measurement of BrdU and DNA was developed. At NIH, the antibody was used for detection of incorporation of BrdU, used as a radiosensitizer in a Phase I study, into normal and malignant cells. He left his position as Associate Professor and Director of the Institute for Cell Analysis at Miami in 1987 to become Vice President and Scientific Director of DNA