Improvement of the shallow water communities following reductions of industrial outlets and sewage discharge in the Hvaler estuary, Norway
✍ Scribed by Tor L. Bokn; Frithjof E. Moy; Mats Walday
- Publisher
- Springer
- Year
- 1996
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 571 KB
- Volume
- 326-327
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1573-5141
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Three years' investigations of the shallow water communities at 30 different rocky shore sites in an estuary in southeast Norway were carried out during 1980-1982 . The flora was mostly poor, possibly due to a combination of fresh water exposure, industrial and sewage outlets . The aim of these investigations was to establish the environmental status of the estuary prior to huge outlet reductions in 1989/90 . Later reinvestigations during 1992-1994, following a significant reduction of titanium dioxide wastes and building of a new chemical sewage treatment plant have shown an improvement of the macroalgal and benthic animal communities . In the formerly most polluted area, the number of benthic taxa has increased since 1980-1982 by 50-350% in 1992-1994 .