Immersive Technology in Smart Cities: Augmented and Virtual Reality in IoT (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)

✍ Scribed by Sagaya Aurelia (editor), Sara Paiva (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 270
• Edition: 1st ed. 2022
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book presents recent trends and enhancements in the convergence of immersive technology and smart cities. The authors discuss various domains such as medical education, construction, brain interface, interactive storytelling, edification, and journalism in relation to combining smart cities, IoT and immersive technologies. The book sets up a medium to promulgate insights and in depth understanding among experts in immersive technologies, IoT, HCI and associated establishments. The book also includes case studies, survey, models, algorithms, frameworks and implementations in storytelling, smart museum, medical education, journalism and more. Various practitioners, academicians and researchers in the domain contribute to the book. 

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Chapter 1: Exploring Immersive Technology in Education for Smart Cities
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 How Does the Technology Fit and What Are the Benefits?
1.2 Augmented Reality in Education
1.2.1 Remote Collaborative Classrooms
1.2.2 Safer Experiments and Demonstrations
1.3 Immersive Technology in Four Cs of Learning
1.3.1 Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving
1.3.2 Creativity and Innovation
1.3.3 Collaboration
1.3.4 Effective Communication
1.4 Applications of Immersive Technology in Education
1.4.1 Engineering Education
1.4.2 Medical Education
1.4.3 Complex Concepts in Mathematics and Space Technology
1.4.4 General Education
1.5 Research Method
1.5.1 Research Design
1.5.2 Sample of Study
1.5.3 AstroSolar Application
1.5.4 Research Process
1.5.5 Data Collection Utilities
1.6 Results
1.6.1 Expert’s Interview
1.6.2 SUS Score
1.6.3 Usability and Learnability Factor
1.6.4 Feedback on Positive and Negative SUS Questionnaire
1.7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Chapter 2: Immersive Learning About IC-Engine Using Augmented Reality
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Literature Review
2.3 Problem Statement and Objective
2.4 Methodology
2.5 Block Diagram
2.6 Implementation
2.7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Chapter 3: Location-Based Mobile Augmented Reality Systems: A Systematic Review
3.1 Introduction
3.2 LBMAR Systems: A Walkthrough of Common Applications and Current State
3.3 Research Questions
3.4 Research Methods
3.5 Planning the Review
3.5.1 Data Sources
3.5.2 Search Terms
3.5.3 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
3.5.4 Categories for Analysis and Data Coding
3.6 Conducting the Review and Reporting the Review
3.6.1 Future Research
3.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Innovative Natural Disaster Precautionary Methods Through Virtual Space
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Virtual Reality
4.2.1 Working of Virtual Reality
4.2.2 Key Features of Virtual Reality Technology
4.3 Natural Disasters
4.3.1 Causes of Natural Disasters
4.4 State of the Art
4.5 Proposed Model
4.5.1 The Type of Natural Disaster
4.5.2 Environment
4.5.3 Training
4.5.4 Precautionary Measures
4.5.5 Scenario Simulation
4.5.6 Trainee’s Interaction
4.6 Result and Discussion
4.6.1 Simulation Process
4.7 Limitation
4.8 Future Enhancements
4.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Internet of Things: Immersive Healthcare Technologies
5.1 Introduction to Internet of Things
5.1.1 IoT Ecosystem and Its Components
5.2 Architecture of Internet of Things
5.3 Internet of Things in Healthcare
5.3.1 IoT Services
5.3.1.1 Elderly Assistance Through Ambient-Assisted Living Technology
5.3.1.2 IoMT (Internet of M Health)
5.3.1.3 Assistance Provided for Adverse Drug Reaction Patients
5.3.1.4 Health Concerns of the Public
5.3.1.5 IoT Healthcare with the Integration of Wearable Devices
5.3.1.6 Emergency Healthcare for Natural Disasters
5.3.1.7 Configuration of the Embedded Gateways
5.3.2 IoT Applications
5.3.2.1 Single Condition
5.3.2.2 Clustered–Condition Applications
5.4 More Details on the Applications in Healthcare
5.4.1 IoT Applications in Healthcare
5.4.1.1 Sensors and Technology Used for the Diseases
5.4.1.2 Apps in Use for Healthcare
5.5 Architecture for Healthcare-Based Internet of Things
5.5.1 Perception Layer
5.5.2 Network Layer
5.5.3 Middleware Layer
5.5.4 Application Layer
5.5.5 Business Layer
5.6 Challenges in Deployment of Healthcare System
5.6.1 Rules Regarding Standardization of Merchants and Sellers of Medical Devices
5.6.2 Analyzing the Cost Effectiveness
5.6.3 The Process of Developing the Application
5.6.4 Low Power Requirements
5.6.5 Types of Network: Data Centric, Service, and Patients Centric
5.6.6 Issue of Reducing Scalability
5.6.7 Arise of New Conditions and Diseases
5.6.8 Identification and Managing Resources
5.6.9 The Issue of Quality of Service
5.6.10 Managing and Protecting the Data
5.6.11 Mobility and Heterogeneous Nature
5.7 Security in IoT Healthcare
5.7.1 Analyzing the Security Requirements in IoT
5.7.2 Security Issues in IoT Healthcare
5.7.3 Secured IoT Healthcare
5.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Implementation of an Intelligent Model Based on Big Data and Decision-Making Using Fuzzy Logic Type-2 for the Car Assembly Industry in an Industrial Estate in Northern Mexico
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Proposal Methodology
6.1.2 Main Stakeholders or Interest Groups
6.2 Business Simulators as Knowledge Manager
6.2.1 Industry 4.0
6.2.2 Big Data
6.2.3 Fuzzy Logic Type-2
6.3 Simulation Execution Methodology
6.3.1 Measure Knowledge Management
6.3.2 The Intellect Model
6.4 Results
6.5 Conclusions and Future Research
6.5.1 Future Research
References
Chapter 7: Cloud Computing Model on Wireless Ad Hoc Network Using Clustering Mechanism for Smart City Applications
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 Cloud Computing
7.1.2 Clustering Mechanism
7.1.3 Clustering Mechanism in Cloud Computing
7.1.4 Ad Hoc Networks
7.2 Related Works
7.2.1 Cloud Computing
7.2.2 Ad Hoc Networks
7.2.3 Clustering Mechanism in Cloud Computing
7.3 Clustering in Cloud Computing
7.3.1 Pseudocode: Cluster Creation
7.3.2 Pseudocode: Clusterhead Election
7.3.3 Experimental Results
7.4 Cloud Computing Model on Clustered Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
7.5 Clustered Wireless Ad Hoc Cloud Network for Smart City Applications
7.5.1 Storage and Resource Sharing
7.5.2 Data Analytics
7.5.3 Virtual Machine Clustering
7.5.4 Fog Computing or Edge Computing
7.5.5 Green Computing
7.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Smart Cities New Paradigm Applications and Challenges
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The Service Delivery Progression from Push Model into the Ecosystems Model
8.3 Pillars of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
8.4 The Current State of Smart Services
8.5 Smart Cities Services Vs. Smart Connected Giant Technology and Services “SCGTS”
8.6 Proposed Smart Cities Collaborative Ecosystems
8.6.1 Infrastructure Layer
8.6.2 Application Layer
8.6.2.1 Application to Application Exchange
8.6.2.2 Application to Data Zone Exchange
8.6.2.3 Application to Grade Service Exchange
8.6.2.4 Application to Infrastructure Exchange
8.6.3 Services Layer
8.6.4 Cloud of Digital Data
8.6.5 End Users
8.7 Smart Applications
8.7.1 Smart Urban Energy Systems
8.7.1.1 Energy Infrastructure
8.7.1.2 Energy Applications
8.7.1.3 Energy Cloud Zone
8.7.1.4 End Users
8.7.1.5 Energy Services
8.7.1.6 Energy Standardization and Protocols
8.7.2 Smart Urban Transportation Systems
8.7.2.1 Transportations Infrastructure
8.7.2.2 Transportation Applications
8.7.2.3 Transportation Cloud Zone
8.7.2.4 End Users
8.7.2.5 Transportation Services
8.7.2.6 Transportation Standardized and Protocols
8.8 Transition Plan Properties and Challenges
8.9 Conclusion
8.10 Exercises
8.10.1 Short Answers Questions
8.10.2 True/False Questions
References
Chapter 9: A Survey on IoT Applications in Smart Cities
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Related Work
9.3 Applications of IoT in Smart Cities
9.3.1 Smart Security
9.3.2 Smart Services
9.3.3 Smart Infrastructure
9.3.4 Smart Home and Buildings
9.3.5 Smart Environment
9.3.6 Waste Management
9.3.7 Smart Grid
9.3.8 E-Governance
9.3.9 Smart Agriculture and Animal Farming
9.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: IoT-Based Water Quality and Quantity Monitoring System for Domestic Usage
10.1 Introduction
10.1.1 Overview of the Existing Systems
10.2 Proposed System
10.2.1 Ultrasonic Sensor
10.2.2 Turbidity Sensor
10.2.3 pH Sensor
10.2.4 NTC Thermistor
10.2.5 Flow Measurement
10.2.6 Arduino UNO
10.2.7 RF Module
10.2.8 LED
10.2.9 LCD
10.3 Results and Discussion
10.3.1 Steps for Connection
10.4 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
Chapter 11: Threat Modeling and IoT Attack Surfaces
11.1 Introduction
11.2 IoT Layered Architecture
11.3 IoT Technologies and Protocols
11.4 IoT Operating Systems
11.5 IT Communication Model
11.5.1 Device-to-Device Model
11.5.2 Device-to-Cloud Model
11.5.3 Device to Gateway Model
11.5.4 Back-End Data Sharing Model
11.6 IoT Issues and Challenges
11.6.1 IoT Security Problems
11.7 IoT Vulnerabilities and Attack Surfaces
11.8 Tools and Techniques
11.8.1 Defend IoT Security Issues
11.9 Conclusion
References
Index