Imaging Spine After Treatment: A Case-based Atlas

✍ Scribed by Tommaso Scarabino (editor), Saverio Pollice (editor), Giuseppe Carmine Iaffaldano (editor), Domenico Catapano (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 406
• Edition: 2nd ed. 2023
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This atlas illustrates the characteristics of imaging after surgical spine treatment. The previous edition has been thoroughly updated and new surgical treatment options are presented. Furthermore, all clinical cases feature new images with the new sequences available from the manufacturers of Magnetic Resonance scanners.

The imaging methods presented in the book are MRI, involving the use of routine basic sequences and advanced study techniques, and CT with and without administration of contrast medium.

The modifications of the spine, both healthy and pathological, that can occur immediately after surgical treatment and in the long term, are described in detail.

Atlas contents are organized in a general part, with the classification of spine pathology and the surgical treatment options, and a part with clinical cases enriched by a wealth of images.

This easy-to-consult publication addresses neuroradiologists who wish to gain an adequate expertise in post-treatment examinations reporting in order to be able to perform an effective differential diagnosis.

✦ Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Contributors
Part I
1: Pathology
1.1 Disk Herniation
1.1.1 Lumbar Disk Hernia
1.1.2 Cervical Disk Hernia
1.2 Canal Stenosis
1.3 Vertebral Instability
1.4 Vertebral Fractures
References
2: Interventional Radiology
2.1 Percutaneous Techniques for Diskal Hernia
2.1.1 Percutaneous Mechanical Decompression Technique
2.1.2 Intradiskal Electrothermal Therapy
2.1.3 Chemonucleolysis
2.1.4 Coblation
2.1.5 Laser Diskectomy
2.1.6 Oxygen Ozone Therapy
2.1.7 Biomaterial Implantational Disk Cell Therapies
2.2 Percutaneous Techniques in Vertebral Collapses
2.2.1 Vertebroplasty
2.2.2 Kyphoplasty
2.2.3 Percutaneous Implant Technique
References
3: Surgery
3.1 Surgery Techniques in Lumbar Diskal Hernia
3.1.1 Standard Diskectomy, Microdiskectomy, and Endoscopic Diskectomy
3.2 Surgery in Lumbar Degenerative Disorders
3.2.1 Fusion Surgery
3.2.1.1 Lumbar Spine Fusion
3.2.1.2 Advances Lumbar Spinal Fusion
Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Posterolateral Fusion
Lateral Interbody Fusion
Oblique Interbody Fusion
Trans-Sacral Fusion
3.2.2 Osteoinductive Bone Graft Substitutes
3.2.3 Dynamic Stabilization
3.2.3.1 Total Disk Replacement
3.2.3.2 Partial Disk Replacement
3.2.3.3 Interspinous Devices
X-Stop
Wallis
Viking
Diam
Coflex
Ellipse
In-Space
3.2.4 Posterior Pedicle Fixation-Based Dynamic Stabilization Devices
3.2.5 Facet Replacement Devices
3.2.6 Vertebral Body Replacement
3.3 Anterior Cervical Diskectomy and Fusion
References
4: Imaging Modalities
4.1 X-Ray
4.2 Ultrasound
4.3 Computed Tomography
4.4 Magnetic Resonance
References
5: Post-Treatment Imaging
5.1 Diskectomy
5.1.1 Surgery in Lumbar Hernia
5.1.1.1 Recurrent Hernia Versus Postoperative Scar
5.1.1.2 Complications
5.1.1.3 Radiculitis
5.1.1.4 Diskitis-Spondylitis-Spondylodiskitis
5.1.1.5 Abscess
5.1.1.6 Arachnoidal Inflammation and CSF Fistula
5.1.1.7 Epidural Hematoma
5.1.1.8 Seroma
5.1.1.9 Meningoceles and Pseudomeningoceles
5.1.2 Surgery in Cervical Hernia
5.2 Vertebroplasty
5.3 Conventional and Dynamic Stabilization
References
Part II: Clinical Cases
6: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
6.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
7: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
7.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
8: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
8.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
9: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
9.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
10: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
10.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
11: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
11.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
12: Herniated Lumbar Disk. Diskectomy
12.1 Preoperative Imaging
12.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Month
12.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Months
12.4 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
13: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
13.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
14: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
14.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
15: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
15.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
16: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
16.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
17: Herniated Lumbar Disk Micro-Diskectomy
17.1 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
18: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
18.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
18.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
19: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
19.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
20: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
20.1 Postoperative Follow-up
21: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy
21.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
21.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 5 Days
21.3 Late-Operative Follow-Up After 1 Year
22: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy and Stabilization
22.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
22.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
22.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 9 Months
22.4 Postoperative Follow-Up After 12 Months
23: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy and Stabilization
23.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
23.2 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
24: Herniated Lumbar Disk Diskectomy and Stabilization
24.1 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
25: Herniated Lumbar Disk Intradiskal Percutaneous Procedure
25.1 Preoperative Imaging
25.2 Intraoperative Imaging
25.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 10 Days
25.4 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Weeks
26: Herniated Lumbar Disk Percutaneous Intradiskal Procedure
26.1 Intraoperative Imaging
26.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
26.3 Postoperative Follow-Up after 36 h
26.4 Subsequent Postoperative Follow-Up
27: Extraforaminal L5-S1 Herniated Disk: Transmuscular Approach
28: Intra-Extraforaminal L3-L4 Herniated Disk: Transmuscular Approach
29: Herniated Lumbar Disk Anterior Diskectomy
29.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
30: Herniated Lumbar Disk. Lateral Diskectomy and Interbody Arthrodesis. Posterior Stabilization
31: Recurrent Herniated Lumbar Disk Patient Reoperated
31.1 Preoperative Imaging
31.2 Preoperative Imaging After 10 Months
31.3 Postoperative Follow-Up
32: Recurrent Herniated Lumbar Disk Stabilization
32.1 Preoperative Imaging
32.2 Preoperative Follow-Up
32.3 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
32.4 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
33: Dorsal Herniated Disk Diskectomy and Stabilization
33.1 Preoperative Imaging
33.2 Postoperative Follow-Up after 4 Months
34: Herniated Cervical Disk Anterior Diskectomy
34.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
35: Herniated Cervical Disk Anterior Diskectomy
35.1 Preoperative Imaging
35.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
36: Herniated Cervical Disk Anterior Diskectomy
36.1 Preoperative Imaging
36.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
37: Herniated Cervical Disk. Anterior Diskectomy and Arthrodesis
38: Herniated Cervical Disk and Osteophytosis. Anterior Decompression and Arthrodesis
39: Herniated Cervical Disk. Anterior Diskectomy and Arthroplasty
39.1 Preoperative MRI
39.2 Postoperative X-Ray
40: Herniated Cervical Disk Anterior Diskectomy
40.1 Preoperative Imaging
40.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
41: Cervical Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament. Anterior Decompression and Stabilization
42: Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. Anterior and Posterior Approach
43: Cervical Spondylodiskitis Corpectomy
43.1 Preoperative Imaging
43.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
44: Cervical Spondylitis. Anterior and Posterior Approach
44.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
45: Septic Spondylodiskitis in Removal of Herniated Cervical Disk. Anterior Approach Surgery
45.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
46: Herniated Cervical Disk. Anterior Diskectomy
46.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
47: Synovial Cyst. Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach
48: Synovial Cysts. Surgical Removal
48.1 Preoperative Imaging
48.2 Preoperative Imaging
48.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 2 Months
48.4 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Months
49: Instability and Lumbar Stenosis. Positioning of Interspinous Device
50: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Double Interspinous Device Positioning
50.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
51: Lumbar Degenerative Instability. Interspinous Device Positioning
51.1 Preoperative Imaging
51.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
52: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Double Interspinous Device Positioning
52.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
53: Lumbar Degenerative Instability. Interspinous Device Positioning
53.1 Preoperative Imaging
53.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
54: Stenosis and Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Positioning of Double Interspinous Device
54.1 Preoperative Imaging
54.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
55: Stenosis and Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Interspinous Device Positioning
55.1 Preoperative Imaging
55.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
56: Stenosis and Degenerative Lumbar Instability Interspinous Device Positioning
56.1 Preoperative Imaging
56.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
57: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Interspinous Device Positioning
57.1 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
58: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Interspinous Device Positioning
58.1 Preoperative Imaging
58.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Months
59: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Interspinous Device Positioning
59.1 Postoperative Follow-Up After 2 Months
60: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Stabilization and Interspinous Device Positioning
60.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
61: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Rigid Posterior Stabilization
61.1 Preoperative Imaging
61.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
62: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Rigid Posterior Stabilization
62.1 Preoperative Imaging
62.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
63: Lumbar Canal Stenosis. Minimally Invasive Decompression
64: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability Posterior Rigid Stabilization
64.1 Preoperative Imaging
64.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
65: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
66: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
67: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
68: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
69: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
70: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
71: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
72: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
73: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
74: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
75: Lumbar Stenosis and Degenerative Instability. Interbody Arthrodesis and Posterior Stabilization
76: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Rigid Posterior Stabilization
76.1 Preoperative Imaging
76.2 Intraoperative Imaging
76.3 Postoperative Follow-Up
77: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Stabilization
77.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
77.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Years
77.3 Stop of Contrast Media in L2–L3
78: Junctional Syndrome. Lateral Interbody Fusion and Posterior Decompression-Stabilization
79: Junction Syndrome. Lateral Interbody Arthrodesis
79.1 Postoperative X-Ray
80: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Rigid Posterior Stabilization
80.1 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Month
80.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
80.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 9 Months
81: Degenerative Lumbar Instability Dynamic Stabilization
81.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
81.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
82: Degenerative Lumbar Instability. Screws Loosening and Irregular Positioning
83: Degenerative Cervical Instability Stabilization–Posterior Decompression
83.1 Preoperative Imaging
83.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Year
84: Traumatic Lumbar Dislocation Percutaneous Stabilization
84.1 Preoperative Imaging
84.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Month
85: Dorsal Traumatic D10–D11 Dislocation. Decompression, Realignment, and Stabilization.
86: Traumatic Dorso-Lumbar Fracture
87: Cervical Traumatic Dislocation Stabilization, Canal Decompression, and Diskectomy
87.1 Preoperative Imaging
87.2 Postoperative Follow-Up (First Surgery)
87.3 Postoperative Follow-Up (Re-surgery)
88: Traumatic Cervical Fracture-Dislocation. Conservative Treatment
88.1 Pre-treatment Imaging
88.2 Follow-Up After 2 Months of Conservative Treatment
88.3 Follow-Up After 4 Months
89: Traumatic Cervical Dislocation and Fracture Anterior Stabilization
89.1 Preoperative Imaging
89.2 Post-Treatment Conservative Follow-Up
89.3 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
90: Traumatic Cervical Fracture-Dislocation. Anterior and Posterior Approach
91: Scoliosis Stabilization
91.1 Preoperative Imaging
91.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 24 h
91.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 20 Days
92: Kyphoscoliosis Stabilization CSF Fistula
92.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
93: Osteoporotic Lumbar Collapse Vertebroplasty
93.1 Preoperative Imaging
93.2 Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up (8 Months)
94: Traumatic Lumbar Fracture, Vertebroplasty
95: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse: Percutaneous Mechanical Vertebral Augmentation
96: Dorsal Osteoporotic Collapse Vertebroplasty
96.1 Early Post Vertebroplasty Follow-Up
96.2 Late Post Vertebroplasty Follow-Up
97: Osteoporotic Dorsal Collapse Vertebroplasty
97.1 Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
98: Osteoporotic Lumbar Collapse Kyphoplasty
98.1 Early Post-kyphoplasty Follow-Up
98.2 Post-kyphoplasty Follow-Up (2 Years)
99: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse Vertebroplasty
99.1 Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
100: Multiple Lumbar Traumatic Collapses Vertebroplasty
100.1 Preoperative Imaging
100.2 Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
101: Multiple Dorsal-Lumbar Traumatic Collapses Vertebroplasty
101.1 Preoperative Imaging
101.2 Early Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
102: Traumatic Dorsal Collapse Vertebroplasty
102.1 Preoperative Imaging
102.2 Early Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
103: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse Rigid Stabilization and Vertebral Body Stenting
103.1 Preoperative Imaging
103.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
104: Lumbar Collapse in Lymphoma Vertebroplasty
104.1 Preoperative Imaging
104.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
104.3 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
105: Malignant Dorsal Collapse Vertebroplasty
105.1 Preoperative Imaging
105.2 Post-vertebroplasty Follow-Up
106: Lumbar Collapse in Chordoma Vertebral Drawing
106.1 Preoperative Imaging
106.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
106.3 Postoperative Follow-Up 6 Months
107: Dorsal Collapse in Multiple Myeloma Vertebroplasty
107.1 Early Postvertebroplasty Follow-Up
107.2 Postvertebroplasty Follow-Up After 6 Months
107.3 Postvertebroplasty Follow-Up After 1 Year
108: Malignant Lumbar Collapse Thermal Ablation Through Radiofrequency and Vertebroplasty
108.1 Preoperative Imaging
108.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
108.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 6 Months
109: Dorsal Collapse in Myeloma: Percutaneous Mechanical Vertebral Augmentation
110: Dorsal Collapse in Myeloma Stabilization
110.1 Preoperative Imaging
110.2 Postoperative Imaging
111: Neoplastic Cervical Dislocation-Collapse Vertebral Removal
111.1 Preoperative Imaging
111.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
111.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 3 Months
112: Traumatic Lumbar Fracture: Somatic Reconstruction
113: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse Stabilization and Canal Decompression
113.1 Preoperative Imaging
113.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
114: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse Double Stabilization and Decompression
114.1 Preoperative Imaging
114.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1st Surgery
114.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 2nd Surgery
115: Multiple Traumatic Dorsal Collapses Double Stabilization
115.1 Preoperative Imaging
115.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
116: Traumatic Dorsal Collapse: Rigid Stabilization
117: Traumatic Lumbar Collapse Rigid Stabilization
117.1 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Year
118: Multiple Collapses Rigid Stabilization
118.1 Preoperative Imaging
118.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
118.3 Postoperative Follow-Up
119: Traumatic Cervical Fracture Anterior Stabilization
119.1 Preoperative Imaging
119.2 Posttreatment Follow-Up After 4 Days (Conservative Treatment)
119.3 Postoperative Follow-Up
120: Cervical Traumatic Fracture Posterior Stabilization
120.1 Preoperative Imaging
120.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
121: Cervical Traumatic Fracture: Posterior Stabilization
121.1 Preoperative Imaging
121.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
122: Cervical Traumatic Fracture Vertebral Removal
122.1 Preoperative Imaging
122.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
122.3 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Month
123: Traumatic Cervical Vertebral Body Fracture: Anterior Corpectomy, Bone Grafting, and Stabilization
124: Traumatic Cervical Fracture: Anterior Decompression and Arthrodesis
125: Traumatic Cervical Fracture Vertebral Removal
125.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
125.2 Postoperative Follow-Up
125.3 Late Postoperative Follow-Up
126: Odontoid Traumatic Fracture: Suboccipito-cervical Stabilization
127: Odontoid Traumatic Fracture Stabilization
127.1 Preoperative Imaging
127.2 Postoperative Follow-Up After 1 Year
128: Odontoid Traumatic Fracture Stabilization
128.1 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
129: Atlanto-occipital Malformation Anterior Odontoid Drawing
129.1 Preoperative Imaging
129.2 Early Postoperative Follow-Up
130: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Stem Cell Transplant
130.1 Postoperative Follow-Up
131: Functional MR