Image Pattern Recognition: Fundamentals and Applications

✍ Scribed by L. Koteswara Rao, Md. Zia Ur Rahman, P. Rohini

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 203
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book describes various types of image patterns for image retrieval. All these patterns are texture dependent. Few image patterns such as Improved directional local extrema patterns, Local Quantized Extrema Patterns, Local Color Oppugnant Quantized Extrema Patterns and Local Mesh quantized extrema patterns are presented. Inter-relationships among the pixels of an image are used for feature extraction. In contrast to the existing patterns these patterns focus on local neighborhood of pixels to creates the feature vector. Evaluation metrics such as precision and recall are calculated after testing with standard databases i.e., Corel-1k, Corel-5k and MIT VisTex database. This book serves as a practical guide for students and researchers.

-The text introduces two models of Directional local extrema patterns viz.,

• Integration of color and directional local extrema patterns
• Integration of Gabor features and directional local extrema patterns.

-Provides a framework to extract the features using quantization method

-Discusses the local quantized extrema collected from two oppugnant color planes

-Illustrates the mesh structure with the pixels at alternate positions.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Authors
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Data Retrieval
1.2 Content-Based Image Retrieval System
1.2.1 Image Databases
1.2.2 Extraction of Features and the Creation of Feature Database
1.2.3 Query Image
1.2.4 Image Matching and Indexing
1.2.5 Similarity Distance Measures
1.2.6 Relevance Feedback
1.2.7 Performance Measures
1.3 Organization of the Book
Chapter 2: Features Used for Image Retrieval Systems
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Color Features
2.3 Texture Features
2.4 Local Features
2.5 Shape Features
2.6 Multiple Features
2.7 Problem Statement
2.8 Methodology
Chapter 3: Improved Directional Local Extrema Patterns
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Local Patterns
3.2.1 Local Binary Patterns
3.2.2 Block-Based Local Binary Patterns
3.2.3 Center-Symmetric Local Binary Patterns
3.2.4 Local Directional Pattern
3.3 Directional Local Extrema Patterns
3.4 Improved Directional Local Extrema Patterns
3.4.1 Combination of Color and DLEP
3.4.2 Combination of DLEP and Gabor features
3.5 Conclusion
Solved Problems
Histogram
Exercises
Chapter 4: Local Quantized Extrema Patterns
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Local Quantized Patterns
4.2 Local Quantized Extrema Patterns
4.2.1 Proposed Image Retrieval System
4.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Corel-1k Database
4.3.2 Corel-5k Database
4.3.3 MIT VisTex Database
4.4 Conclusion
Solved Problems
Exercises
Chapter 5: Local Color Oppugnant Quantized Extrema Patterns
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Local Color Oppugnant Quantized Extrema Patterns
5.2.1 Proposed Image Retrieval System
5.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
5.3.1 Corel-1k Database
5.3.2 Corel-5k Database
5.3.3 Corel-10k Database
5.3.4 ImageNet-25k Database
5.4 Conclusion
Solved Problems
Exercises
Chapter 6: Local Mesh Quantized Extrema Patterns
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Local Mesh Quantized Extrema Patterns
6.2.1 Proposed Image Retrieval System
6.3 Experimental Results and Discussion
6.3.1 MIT VisTex Database
6.3.2 Corel-1k
6.4 Conclusion
Solved Problems
Exercises
Chapter 7: Local Patterns for Feature Extraction
7.1 Quantized Neighborhood Local Intensity Extrema Patterns for Image Retrieval
7.1.1 Introduction
7.1.2 Major Advantages Over Other Methods
7.1.3 Framework of the Proposed Retrieval System
7.1.4 Image Similarity Measurement
7.1.5 Experimental Results and Discussion
7.1.5.1 Database: 1
7.1.5.2 Database: 2
7.1.5.3 Database: 3
7.1.5.4 Database: 4
7.1.6 Conclusion
7.2 Magnitude Directional Local Extrema Patterns
7.2.1 Introduction
7.2.1.1 Contribution
7.2.1.2 Review of Related Work
7.2.2 Different Types of Local Patterns
7.2.2.1 Local Binary Pattern
7.2.2.2 Local Directional Pattern
7.2.2.3 Directional Local Extrema Patterns
7.2.2.4 Magnitude Directional Local Extrema Patterns
7.2.3 The Proposed CMDLEP System
7.2.4 Experimental Results
7.2.5 Conclusion
7.3 Combination of CDLEP and Gabor Features
7.3.1 Introduction
7.3.1.1 Contribution
7.3.1.2 Related Work
7.3.2 Gabor Feature
7.3.3 The Proposed Gabor CDLEP System
7.3.4 Experimental Results
7.3.5 Conclusion
7.4 LEMP: A Robust Image Feature Descriptor for Retrieval Applications
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Relevant Work
7.4.2.1 Prime Contributions
7.4.3 Related Local Patterns
7.4.3.1 Local Binary Patterns
7.4.3.2 Line Edge Binary Patterns
7.4.3.3 Line Edge Magnitude Patterns
7.4.4 The Proposed Framework
7.4.4.1 Similarity Measurement
7.4.4.2 Performance Evaluation and Discussions
7.4.4.3 Corel-1000 Database
7.4.4.4 Corel 5000 Database (DB2)
7.4.5 Conclusion
7.5 Multiple Color Channel Local Extrema Patterns for Image Retrieval
7.5.1 Introduction
7.5.2 Relevant Work
7.5.2.1 Local Quantized Extrema Patterns
7.5.3 The Proposed Method
7.5.4 A MCLEP Feature Vector
7.5.5 Experimental Results and Discussions
7.5.5.1 Corel-10k
7.5.5.2 ImageNet-25K
7.5.6 Conclusion
7.6 Integration of MDLEP and Gabor Function as a Feature Vector for Image Retrieval System
7.6.1 Introduction
7.6.1.1 Related Work
7.6.2 Local Patterns and Variations
7.6.2.1 Directional Local Extrema Patterns
7.6.2.2 Magnitude Directional Local Extrema Patterns (MDLEP)
7.6.3 Proposed CMDLEP System
7.6.4 Experimental Results
7.6.5 Conclusion
7.7 Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval Using Local Co-Occurrence Patterns
7.7.1 Introduction
7.7.2 Local Patterns
7.7.2.1 Local Binary Patterns
7.7.2.2 Local Ternary Patterns
7.7.2.3 Local Derivative Patterns
7.7.2.4 Local Co-Occurrence Patterns
7.7.3 Framework of the Proposed System
7.7.3.1 Similarity Measure
7.7.3.2 Evaluation Measures
7.7.4 Experimental Results and Discussions
7.7.5 Conclusion
7.8 Color-Based Multi-Directional Local Motif XoR Patterns for Image Retrieval
7.8.1 Introduction
7.8.2 Feature Extraction Methods
7.8.2.1 HSV Color Space and Color Quantization
7.8.2.2 Directional Binary Code
7.8.2.3 Directional Local Motif XoR Patterns
7.8.3 Proposed Feature Descriptors
7.8.3.1 Analysis
7.8.4 Experimental Results and Discussions
7.8.4.1 Experiment #1
7.8.4.2 Experiment #2
7.8.5 Conclusion
7.9 Quantized Local Trio Patterns for Multimedia Image Retrieval System
7.9.1 Introduction
7.9.2 Local Extreme Sign Trio Pattern
7.9.3 Proposed Method
7.9.4 Experimental Results and Discussions
7.9.4.1 Corel-10k
7.9.5 Conclusion
Chapter 8: Conclusion and Future Scope
8.1 Summary
8.2 Salient Features
8.2.1 Improved Directional Local Extrema Patterns
8.2.2 Local Quantized Extrema Patterns
8.2.3 Local Color Oppugnant Quantized Extrema Patterns
8.2.4 Local Mesh Quantized Extrema Patterns
8.3 Future Scope
References
Index