Hypersonic and High-Temperature Gas Dynamics (Aiaa Education)

✍ Scribed by John D. Anderson Jr.

• Publisher: Amer Inst of Aeronautics
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 897
• Edition: 3
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Hypersonic and High-Temperature Gas Dynamics, Third Edition is a successful, self-contained text for those interested in learning hypersonic flow and high-temperature gas dynamics. Like previous editions, it assumes no prior familiarity with either subject on the part of the reader. It provides a cohesive presentation of the fundamentals, a development of important theory and techniques, a discussion of the salient results with emphasis on the physical aspects, and a presentation of modern thinking in these areas.

This book is designed for two roles:

As an effective classroom text that can be used with ease by the instructor, and understood with ease by the student

As a viable, professional working tool for engineers, scientists, and managers who have any contact in their jobs with hypersonic and/or high-temperature flow This third edition has been updated throughout and features new figures and examples, along with a user-friendly interior design.

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Some Preliminary Thoughts
Part 1: Inviscid Hypersonic Flow
Chapter 2 Hypersonic Shock and Expansion-Wave Relations
Chapter 3 Local Surface Inclination Methods
Chapter 4 Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Approximate Methods
Chapter 5 Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Exact Methods
Part 2: Viscous Hypersonic Flow
Chapter 6 Viscous Flow: Basic Aspects, Boundary Layer Results, and Aerodynamic Heating
Chapter 7 Hypersonic Viscous Interactions
Chapter 8 Computational-Fluid-Dynamic Solutions of Hypersonic Viscous Flows
Part 3: High-Temperature Gas Dynamics
Chapter 9 High-Temperature Gas Dynamics: Some Introductory Considerations
Chapter 10 Some Aspects of the Thermodynamics of Chemically Reacting Gases (Classical Physical Chemistry)
Chapter 11 Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics
Chapter 12 Elements of Kinetic Theory
Chapter 13 Chemical and Vibrational Nonequilibrium
Chapter 14 Inviscid High Temperature Equilibrium Flows
Chapter 15 Inviscid High-Temperature Nonequilibrium Flows
Chapter 16 Kinetic Theory Revisited: Transport Properties in High-Temperature Gases
Chapter 17 Viscous High-Temperature Flows
Chapter 18 Introduction to Radiative Gas Dynamics
Appendix A Creating Hypersonic Flow in the Laboratory
Appendix B Creating Hypersonic Flow in Flight
Appendix C Hypersonic Aerodynamics on the Computer
Postface
References
Index
Supporting Materials

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Foreword
Contents
Preface to the Third Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Chapter 1: Some Preliminary Thoughts
1.1 Hypersonic Flight—Some Historical Firsts
1.2 Hypersonic Flow—Why is it important?
1.3 Hypersonic Flow—What Is It?
1.4 Fundamental Sources of Aerodynamic Force and Aerodynamic Heating
1.5 Hypersonic Flight Paths: Velocity-Altitude Map
1.6 Summary and Outlook
Problems
Part 1: Inviscid Hypersonic Flow
Chapter 2: Hypersonic Shock and Expansion-Wave Relations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Basic Hypersonic Shock Relations
2.3 Hypersonic Shock Relations in Terms of the Hypersonic Similarity Parameter
2.4 Hypersonic Expansion-Wave Relations
2.5 Summary and Comments
Problem
Chapter 3: Local Surface Inclination Methods
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Newtonian Flow
3.3 Modified Newtonian Law
3.4 Centrifugal Force Corrections to Newtonian Theory
3.5 Newtonian Theory—What It Really Means
3.6 Tangent-Wedge Tangent-Cone Methods
3.7 Shock-Expansion Method
3.8 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 4: Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Approximate Methods
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Governing Equations
4.3 Mach-Number Independence
4.4 Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Equations
4.5 Hypersonic Similarity
4.6 Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Theory: Some Results
4.7 Comment on Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Theory
4.8 Hypersonic Equivalence Principle and Blast-Wave Theory
4.9 Thin Shock-Layer Theory
4.10 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 5: Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Exact Methods
5.1 General Thoughts
5.2 Method of Characteristics
5.3 Time-Marching Finite Difference Method: Application to the Hypersonic Blunt-Body Problem
5.4 Correlations for Hypersonic Shock-Wave Shapes
5.5 Shock–Shock Interactions
5.6 Space-Marching Finite Difference Method: Additional Solutions of the Euler Equations
5.7 Comments on the State of the Art
5.8 Summary and Comments
Problems
Part 2: Viscous Hypersonic Flow
Chapter 6: Viscous Flow: Basic Aspects, Boundary Layer Results, and Aerodynamic Heating
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Governing Equations for Viscous Flow: Navier–Stokes Equations
6.3 Similarity Parameters and Boundary Conditions
6.4 Boundary-Layer Equations for Hypersonic Flow
6.5 Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Theory: Self-Similar Solutions
6.6 Nonsimilar Hypersonic Boundary Layers
6.7 Hypersonic Transition
6.8 Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer
6.9 Reference Temperature Method
6.10 Hypersonic Aerodynamic Heating: Some Comments and Approximate Results Applied to Hypersonic Vehicles
6.11 Entropy-Layer Effects on Aerodynamic Heating
6.12 Summary and Comments
Problem
Chapter 7: Hypersonic Viscous Interactions
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Strong and Weak Viscous Interactions: Definition and Description
7.3 Role of x in Hypersonic Viscous Inter
7.4 Other Viscous Interaction Results
7.5 Hypersonic Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interactions
7.6 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 8: Computational-Fluid-Dynamic Solutions of Hypersonic Viscous Flows
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Viscous Shock-Layer Technique
8.3 Parabolized Navier–Stokes Solutions
8.4 Full Navier–Stokes Solutions
8.5 Summary and Comments
Part 3: High-Temperature Gas Dynamics
Chapter 9: High-Temperature Gas Dynamics: Some Introductory Considerations
9.1 Importance of High-Temperature Flows
9.2 Nature of High-Temperature Flows
9.3 Chemical Effects in Air: The Velocity-Altitude Map
9.4 Summary and Comments
Chapter 10: Some Aspects of the Thermodynamics of Chemically Reacting Gases (Classical Physical Chemistry)
10.1 Introduction: Definition of Real Gases and Perfect Gases
10.2 Various Forms of the Perfect-Gas Equation of State
10.3 Various Descriptions of the Composition of a Gas Mixture
10.4 Classification of Gases
10.5 First Law of Thermodynamics
10.6 Second Law of Thermodynamics
10.7 Calculation of Entropy
10.8 Gibbs Free Energy and the Entropy Produced by Chemical Nonequilibrium
10.9 Composition of Equilibrium Chemically Reacting Mixtures: The Equilibrium Constant
10.10 Heat of Reaction
10.11 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 11: Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Microscopic Description of Gases
11.3 Counting the Number of Microstates for a Given Macrostate
11.4 Most Probable Macrostate
11.5 Limiting Case: Boltzmann Distribution
11.6 Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties in Terms of the Partition Function
11.7 Evaluation of the Partition Function in Terms of T and V
11.8 Practical Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties for a Single Chemical Species
11.9 Calculation of the Equilibrium Constant
11.10 Chemical Equilibrium—Some Further Comments
11.11 Calculation of the Equilibrium Composition for High-Temperature Air
11.12 Thermodynamic Properties of an Equilibrium Chemically Reacting Gas
11.13 Equilibrium Properties of High-Temperature Air
11.14 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 12: Elements of Kinetic Theory
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Perfect-Gas Equation of State (Revisited)
12.3 Collision Frequency and Mean Free Path
12.4 Velocity and Speed Distribution Functions: Mean Velocities
12.5 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 13: Chemical and Vibrational Nonequilibrium
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Vibrational Nonequilibrium: The Vibrational Rate Equation
13.3 Chemical Nonequilibrium: The Chemical Rate Equation
13.4 Chemical Nonequilibrium in High-Temperature Air
13.5 Chemical Nonequilibrium in H2-Air Mixtures
13.6 Summary and Comments
Chapter 14: Inviscid High Temperature Equilibrium Flows
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Governing Equations for Inviscid High-Temperature Equilibrium Flow
14.3 Equilibrium Normal and Oblique Shock-Wave Flows
14.4 Equilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows
14.5 Frozen and Equilibrium Flows: The Distinction
14.6 Equilibrium and Frozen Specific Heats
14.7 Equilibrium Speed of Sound
14.8 Equilibrium Conical Flow
14.9 Equilibrium Blunt-Body Flows
14.10 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 15: Inviscid High-Temperature Nonequilibrium Flows
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Governing Equations for Inviscid, Nonequilibrium Flows
15.3 Nonequilibrium Normal and Oblique Shock-Wave Flows
15.4 Nonequilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows
15.5 Nonequilibrium Blunt-Body Flows
15.6 Binary Scaling
15.7 Nonequilibrium Flow over Other Shapes: Nonequilibrium Method of Characteristics
15.8 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory Revisited: Transport Properties in High-Temperature Gases
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Definition of Transport Phenomena
16.3 Transport Coefficients
16.4 Mechanism of Diffusion
16.5 Energy Transport by Thermal Conduction and Diffusion: Total Thermal Conductivity
16.6 Transport Properties for High-Temperature Air
16.7 Summary and Comments
Chapter 17: Viscous High-Temperature Flows
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Governing Equations for Chemically Reacting Viscous Flow
17.3 Alternate Forms of the Energy Equation
17.4 Boundary-Layer Equations for a Chemically Reacting Gas
17.5 Boundary Conditions: Catalytic Walls
17.6 Boundary-Layer Solutions: Stagnation-Point Heat Transfer for a Dissociating Gas
17.7 Boundary-Layer Solutions: Nonsimilar Flows
17.8 Viscous-Shock-Layer Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flow
17.9 Parabolized Navier–Stokes Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flows
17.10 Full Navier–Stokes Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flows
17.11 Summary and Comments
Problems
Chapter 18: Introduction to Radiative Gas Dynamics
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Definitions of Radiative Transfer in Gases
18.3 Radiative-Transfer Equation
18.4 Solutions of the Radiative-Transfer Equation: Transparent Gas
18.5 Solutions of the Radiative-Transfer Equation: Absorbing Gas
18.6 Solutions of the Radiative-Transfer Equation: Emitting and Absorbing Gas
18.7 Radiating Flowfields: Sample Results
18.8 Surface Radiative Cooling
18.9 Summary and Comments
Problems
Appendix A: Creating Hypersonic Flow in the Laboratory
Appendix B: Creating Hypersonic Flow in Flight
Appendix C: Hypersonic Aerodynamics on the Computer
Postface
References
Index
Supporting Materials