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Hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients with and without AIDS: Prevalence and relationship to patient survival

✍ Scribed by Teresa L. Wright; Harry Hollander; Xiang Pu; Michael J. Held; Peter Lipson; Stella Quan; Alan Polito; M. Michael Thaler; Peter Bacchetti; Bruce F. Scharschmidt

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1994
Tongue
English
Weight
441 KB
Volume
20
Category
Article
ISSN
0270-9139

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✦ Synopsis

Background: Limited information is available about the prevalence of hepatitis C virus in patients with human immunodeficiency virus in relation to specific risk factors or about the influence of hepatitis C virus coinfection on survival. This retrospective study addressed these questions. Methods: The study population consisted of 512 predominantly non-intravenous drug-using male homosexuals, 224 of whom had AIDS. Samples positive for hepatitis C virus antibody by second-generation enzyme immunoassay were further tested by means of strip immunoblot assay, and for hepatitis C virus RNA by means of polymerase chain reaction amplification. A randomly selected set of enzyme immunoassay-negative samples was also tested for hepatitis C virus RNA and, if hepatitis C virus RNA positive, by a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection unaccounted for by intravenous drug use or transfusion was 11.7% by enzyme immunoassay, and 87% of sera positive by enzyme immunoassay were also positive by second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay or hepatitis C virus RNA analysis. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detectable in 53% of enzyme immunoassay-positive samples but in only about 1% of enzyme immunoassay-negative samples. Hepatitis C virus coinfection did not influence survival of HIV-infected patients with or without manifestations of AIDS. Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus infection in nontransfused, non-intravenous drugusing patients with HIV infection is several times more prevalent than in volunteer blood donors, suggesting homosexual transmission of hepatitis C virus. About

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